教育部考试中心考研英语翻译模拟试题汇编(15)

至关重要的是，英国的批评界若想利用向它敞开的领域，若想在将来有所收获，必须清楚应该为自己的发展道路选择什么样的原则。这种原则可以概括为一个词 - 客观。如何通过批评来表现客观呢?方法便是：远离所谓的“实际的观点”;坚决遵循自身的法则，即自由思考所有接触到的事物。坚决不为那些隐秘的、政治的和功利的观点服务，尽管很多人肯定会依附于这些观点，但批评活动却与它们毫不相干。正如我所提到的，好奇所要做的只是了解已知的和已经想到的最好的事物，接着将它公之于众，从而创造一股真实而新颖的思潮。它所

要做的是用不变的诚实和应有的能力来完成上述行为，并且再无其他内容。

2010年教育部考试中心考研英语翻译模拟试题(五) 2010年教育部考试中心考研英语模拟试题

- 翻译部分汇编 五、艺术的价值 Theories of the value of art are of two kinds, which we may call extrinsic and intrinsic. The first regards art and the appreciation of art as means to some recognized moral good, while the second regards them as valuable not instrumentally but as objects unto themselves. It is characteristic of extrinsic theories to locate the value of art in its effects on the person who appreciates it. Art is held to be a form of education, perhaps an education of the emotions. In this case, it becomes an open question whether there might not be some more effective means to the same result. (46) Alternatively, one may attribute a negative value to art, as Plato did in his Republic, arguing that art has a corrupting or diseducative effect on those exposed to it.

The extrinsic approach, adopted in modern times by Leo Tolstoy in What Is Art in 1896, has seldom seemed wholly satisfactory. (47) Philosophers have constantly sought for a value in aesthetic experience that is unique to it and that, therefore, could not be obtained from any other source. The extreme version of this intrinsic approach is that associated with Walter Pater, Oscar Wilde, and the French Symbolists, and summarized in the slogan “art for art's sake”. Such thinkers and writers believe that art is not only an end in itself but also a sufficient

justification of itself. (48) They also hold that in order to understand art as it should be understood, it is necessary to put aside all interests other than an interest in the work itself.

an independent value in laughter, which lightens our lives by taking us momentarily outside ourselves. Why should not something similar be said of works of art, many of which aspire to be amusing in just the way that good jokes are?

答案

46.或者，人们可能会认为艺术具有负面的影响，像柏拉图在《理想国》一书中所认为的那样，艺术会影响那些接触它的人，使其堕落，或起不到教化作用。

47.哲学家们一直在不懈地探索审美体验中的价值。这种价值是独一无二的，因此不能从别处获得。