从认知心理学角度探讨母语在英语学习中的积极(11)

时间:2025-02-24

讨母语在英语学习中的积极作用

Sincetheriseoflanguagetransferstudyinthe50slastcentury,ithasexperiencedthreephaseswith

respectivedominant

essence

theory

backup.Eachreplacementoftheoryis

basedon

parts

theabsorptionofthe

offormertheorywhilediscardingtheunilateral

andthis

processisstillupdatingwithpractice.

1.5.1

LanguageTransferinBehavourismFramework

1.6 1.1BehaviourismandContrastiveAnalys缸

Behavourismsawitsgreatpopularityinthefieldoflanguageteachinginthe50sand

60s.AccordingtoBehavourist

theories,languageWaspromoted

whenthelearner

makestheactiveand

repeated

responsetostimuli,knownasSkinner'sstimuliand

responsetheory.Dakin(1973)putforththreegeneralprinciplesoflanguagelearningderivedfromthesetheories:theLawofExercises,theLawofeffectandthePrinciple

ofShaping.Underlyingtheseprincipleswastheassumptionthat

language

learning,

likeanyotherkindoflearning,tooktheformofhabitformation,ahabitconsistingof

an

automaticresponseelicitedby

given

stimulus(RodEllis,1994:299).Friesstated,

influentialmanual

on

intheforewordtoLinguisticsAcrossCultures,ahighly

contrastive

analysisbyLado(1957):

learningasecondlanguage...consitutesaverylanguage.The

new

different

essential

task

fromlearningthefirst

basicproblems

arisenotout

ofanydifficulty加thefeaturesoJ‘the

thefirst

language

languagethemselvesbutprimarily

out口,觑special"set’createdby

h曲池.

BehavourismhasprovidedtheoreticbasisforContrastiveAnalysis

inlinguistics.Lado

Hypothesis(CAn)

and

Fries

are

thenamesmostclosely

on

associatedwiththeCAll.

CAHasformulatedbyLadowasbased

thecentralbehavourismnotion:difference

anddifficulty.

Thebasic

conceptbehind

CAllWasthat

astructure

of

one

language

couldbe

constructed

whichmightthen

be

usedindirectcomparisonwimthestructureof

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