从认知心理学角度探讨母语在英语学习中的积极(11)
时间:2025-02-24
时间:2025-02-24
讨母语在英语学习中的积极作用
Sincetheriseoflanguagetransferstudyinthe50slastcentury,ithasexperiencedthreephaseswith
respectivedominant
essence
theory
backup.Eachreplacementoftheoryis
basedon
parts
theabsorptionofthe
offormertheorywhilediscardingtheunilateral
andthis
processisstillupdatingwithpractice.
1.5.1
LanguageTransferinBehavourismFramework
1.6 1.1BehaviourismandContrastiveAnalys缸
Behavourismsawitsgreatpopularityinthefieldoflanguageteachinginthe50sand
60s.AccordingtoBehavourist
theories,languageWaspromoted
whenthelearner
makestheactiveand
repeated
responsetostimuli,knownasSkinner'sstimuliand
responsetheory.Dakin(1973)putforththreegeneralprinciplesoflanguagelearningderivedfromthesetheories:theLawofExercises,theLawofeffectandthePrinciple
ofShaping.Underlyingtheseprincipleswastheassumptionthat
language
learning,
likeanyotherkindoflearning,tooktheformofhabitformation,ahabitconsistingof
an
automaticresponseelicitedby
a
given
stimulus(RodEllis,1994:299).Friesstated,
influentialmanual
on
intheforewordtoLinguisticsAcrossCultures,ahighly
contrastive
analysisbyLado(1957):
learningasecondlanguage...consitutesaverylanguage.The
new
different
essential
task
fromlearningthefirst
basicproblems
arisenotout
ofanydifficulty加thefeaturesoJ‘the
thefirst
language
languagethemselvesbutprimarily
out口,觑special"set’createdby
h曲池.
BehavourismhasprovidedtheoreticbasisforContrastiveAnalysis
inlinguistics.Lado
Hypothesis(CAn)
and
Fries
are
thenamesmostclosely
on
associatedwiththeCAll.
CAHasformulatedbyLadowasbased
thecentralbehavourismnotion:difference
anddifficulty.
Thebasic
conceptbehind
CAllWasthat
astructure
of
one
language
couldbe
constructed
whichmightthen
be
usedindirectcomparisonwimthestructureof