会放锚，因为那水太深

27. Why must you consider ship’s speed and sea depth when you release the bow stopper? 当你释放船手制链器你为什么必须考虑船的速度和海洋深度？

If the ship’s speed is too fast, the anchor chain may break. 如果船的速度太快,锚链可能损坏。

If the sea is too deep, the cable may be surged 滑脱, get out of control and damaged. 如果海底是如此深,锚链可能滑脱,失控并毁坏的。

28. What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’s embarkation? 引航员登船之前，要在引航梯上放些什么?

The manropes, lifebuoy, heaving line，lights and a lifebuoy must be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’s embarkation. 扶手索 ,救生圈,扶手索,灯准备好救生圈必须放在引航梯附近载引航员的登船前。

29. Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice?为什么在冰上抛锚有危险 Because the ship may be icebound and cannot move. 因为船被冰困住和不能移动。

30. What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board? 悬挂什么信号旗当引航员已经上船时?

The signal flag H should be hoisted. 信号旗H应该挂出来了。

第四章 装卸作业

口述题

1. Describe the procedures of carrying dangerous cargo on board. 描述船上其它货物运输危险程序。

When carrying dangerous cargo on board, the vessel must follow the correct procedures船舶载运危险品时,船必须遵循正确的程序:: (1) The chief officer should obtain information of the dangerous cargo from the shipper. The information includes the following: 大幅应该从托运人获得危险货物的信息。信息包括如下: packing, classes and UN No. ; 包装等级和编号。 tons to be loaded; 被装载的吨数

country of production and country of destination; 生产的国家和目的地国

notices on loading, care on board and discharging. 注意装货，船上的看管和卸货。

(2) When loading and discharging the dangerous cargo, precautions should be taken for the safe operation. 当装卸危险品,应当采取安全防范措施

While loading, 当装载,

check the correct technical names in documents and correct marks;在文件里检查正确技术名称和标签。

check the proper use of handling gear; 检查吊货装置的正确使用情况

check the careful and safe stowage; 检查小心和安全的装载 check if cargo is carefully separated and secured. 仔细检查货物隔离和固定

While discharging, 卸货时

take safety measures to discharge dangerous cargo; 采取安全措施卸载危险货物。

check the proper use of handling gear; 吊货装置的正确使用。 check the complete unloading. 检查是否完全卸完 During the voyage, 在航行中,

check the hold ventilators; 检查货舱通风系统。 check the hatch cover; 检查舱口盖

check the temperature in the hold. 检查货舱温度。

2. Describe the precautions before entering an enclosed space. 描述了预防在进入一个封闭的空间的预防措施。

Before entering an enclosed space, take the following precautions into account: 在进入一个封闭的空间,采取以下措施考虑:

(1) Make sure to have a person in attendance with you; 确保有一个人与你一起。

(2) Ensure that the space has been thoroughly ventilated;确保空间已经彻底的通风。

(3) Prepare the ventilation, breathing tool, connecting signals, oxygen, air and poisonous gases test equipment, and other necessary equipment according to the checklist;做好通风，呼吸工具，联系信号，氧气，空气和有毒气体的检测设备和其他有清单上的必要设备

(4)Test the atmosphere of the space at different levels for oxygen deficiency and harmful gases or vapors. 测试空间的不同层的氧缺陷和有害气体和蒸气。

(5) Wear self-contained breathing apparatus if necessary; 如有必要穿自己呼吸设备;

(6) Get the Master's signature on the checklist;在检查清单上签有船长的签名

(7) Even when a space has been found safe for entering, it should be monitored for as long as any person is inside.即使确认为空间安全后，应该在外面有人监视

3. Describe the procedures of cargo stowage. 描述货物装载程序。 The procedures of cargo stowage are as follows: 货物装载程序如下: (!) The chief officer should obtain the cargo information, especially dangerous cargo information from the shipper; 大幅应获得货物信息,