映像的论证、阐述和理解——电气工程英语中的(17)

发布时间:2021-06-07

ChapterIII

3.1

IntroducingTheoriesofMetaphor

Theuniversalexistenceofmetaphoricphenomenoninhumancognition

Uptodate,wedon’tyetunderstandenoughofthebrainmechanismsunderlyinghuman

use

ofmetaphor

to

makeboldstatementsabout“wheremetaphorcomesfrom’’

no

We

have

no

ideaaboutmetaphorusedbyearlyhumansbecausewehave

recordsof

whattheysaid.Certainlybythetimeofearliestwritingforwhichwehavesophisticatedmetaphorandanalogyof

are

records,

clearlyinuse.Forinstance,hereisthetranslation

poemthatisabout4000yearsoldfromancientEgypt:Death.is

before

I?le

today

Likethe

s砂when

wish

itclears

Like

mantosee

home学er

are

numberlessyem。Sot'captivityfromtheChauvet。pont-ck'arc

possibly

caves

.TheoldestrecordedpaintingsFrance—likerhinocerosesandago.Perhapsthesewere

insouthern

panthers(orhyenas)datedatover30;000years

just

drawingsforfunfromtheequivalentof

localartist’Ssketch

pfid,butitisnormallyassumedthattheymusthavehadsymbolicOrmagicalsignificance.

Archaeological

symbolic

or

evidenceforreligious

even

or

magicalpractices,which

are

often

as

metaphorical,goesback

furtherthanthat.

as

an

Soitis

reasonableguessthatmetaphorandanalogyhavebeenaround

importantpartofhumanlifefor

languageitself。

verylongtime—perhaps

as

farback

as

human

SincetheGreekphilosopherPlato,some2500yearsago,“serious’’thinkershavetendednothing

to

beveryscathingaboutmetaphor,preferringlanguagethat“tellsitlikeitis”一

andclearlyreasonedexplanations.

fancy—justplainfacts

Duringtheperiodinthelate1600sand1700sknownas“theenlightenment”,theflowerylanguageof

theElizabethans

wentoutof

fashion.SamuelParker

in

1666

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