新版“英语国家概况”精讲笔记(15)

was held in Philadelphia 令；指定了一个委员会负责场正义的战争中，弱者可以1787 to consider what which encouraged

起草一份正式宣言（托马

President:Washington

战胜强者。美国人民获得了should be done to make 5)Consequences of 独立，资本主义得到发展。the Articles of

territorial expansion and

Americans to refuse to 斯。杰斐逊起草），bry British goods. 第一届大陆会议：1774年9

1776.6.4，通过了独立宣言。

同时具有深远的国际影响。 Confederation adequate.the westward 4)Establishment of a federal form of

②The Great

Compromise(on July

Movement 领土扩张和西进运动

①forced England to give up the Old Northwest;迫

月，在费城召开，鼓励美国⑥The Declaration is a 人抵制英货。 ④Lexington and Concord(列克星顿和康克特)：The War of

clear explanation of the govermen: 联邦政府的建16,1787): gave each political theory behind

立

state an equal vote in

the revolution and this ①The Articles of theory came from the

Confederation was

the Senate but making 使英格兰放弃旧西北地区 representation in the

②Purchased the

Independence began at British philosopher John unusual in many there in 1775. ⑤The Second Continental

Congress(three weeks after the battle at Lexington in 1775 ):founded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of

Locke.宣言清晰地解释了

ways.1)it provided for

House reflect the size of Louisiana from each state‘s

Nepoleon.(1790‘s) 向拿

指导这场革命的政治理论，no king;2)while the 这一理论源于英国哲学家约Articles created a 翰。洛克。

⑦The conseq uences: IN September ,1783,

central government in the form of a

population.1787.7.16出破伦购买路易斯安那州 台的大折中：赋予各州在参③forced Spain to cede 议院中同样的选举权,而众

Florida and the Gulf

议院中的代表人数则根据各coast.迫使西班牙放弃弗罗

里达和墨西哥海岸。 ④Texas added to the Union(1845).1845,德克

Congress,the emphasis 州的人口决定。

③The Bill of Rights

the Treaty of Paris was was still on state signed. Britain recognized the independence of the

powers.3)the Articles of (1791)，became the Confederation was a

first ten amendments to 萨斯加入联邦

⑤Obtained California and New Mexico From Mexico by the war with Mexico (1846-1848)从墨

written constitution for the constitution of the

Washington; appointed United States; the war the U.S..But there were American a committee to draft a formal

declaration(Thomas Jefferson was the man who draft it), the Declaration of Independence, And

was from 1775 to 1781, serious weaknesses,it it shows that, in a just

constitutional—the Bill

was difficult to carry on of Rights.By then,it is

war ,a weak nation can the business of the defeat a strong one.

government without

agreed, the foundation 西哥战争1846-4848，得of the American constitutional system was completed.1791年

到加利福尼亚和新墨西哥。 ⑥The Gadsden Purchase(1853)

American people gained someone to do the independence and

executive‘s

capitalism developed in job.Congress was too 通过的，成为对《宪法》最another 30,000 square

miles of Mexican land

adopted the Declaration America. It also had of Independence on July great international 4, 1776.第二次大陆会议

influence.意义：1783年

large a body to function 早的十项修正案—人权法as government.And

案。一般认为至此美国宪法were added to the

territory of the U.S.,in return,the U.S.paid 10

Congress had no power 体制的建立全部完成。

④the first Congress:

（1775年的列克星顿战役9月，《巴黎条约》签署，to raise taxes.A

三周之后）：建立了大陆军英国承认美国独立；战争从conference was held in met in New York In 1789. million dollars.1853年的和海军，任命华盛顿为总司1775-1781，表明，在一Philadelphia in May

the first

加滋登购地‘中，又有3万