译者在翻译时应时刻保持语境意识。本文把Hatim和Mason提出语境三个层面理论作为理论基础,指导肢体语言的翻译。表面上非言语交际描述的翻译是文本间的翻译,而实质上是两个不同非言语系统之间的转换。本文全面阐述了非言语交际的定义,特征,研究状况并探究了肢体语言翻译中存在的问题：一是缺乏对非言语交际中文化信息的意识;二是忽视了上下文中非言语交际描述的功能。因此,如何提高译者翻译肢体语言时的语境意识是本文的核心。

Situational context refers to the situational factors related to a text. According to Halliday (1985), context of situation consists of the field of discourse, the tenor of discourse and the mode of discourse, which will be expounded in the latter chapter. Cultural context refers to the cultural factors related to a text.

The classifications mentioned above are probed into from different perspectives and on

the basis of different criteria. They are interconnected and their essences are not contradictory at all.

3.2 Context and Body Language Translation

Literally, context is the situation in which the language is used. Context determines not

only how a word is to be understood, but also how it is to be translated. When translating the original, the translator should have a deep understanding of the meaning of the source language, and then analyze the meaning conveyed in the original; and with the help of the specific context the translator can achieve to catch the correct understanding of the original and finally reproduce the message of the source language to the readers. We can never let context aside when discussing the translation. Whatever one discusses or disputes over methods of literal translation or free translation and translatability of various styles and so on, he should never avoid taking contextual factors into consideration.

3.2.1 Functions of Context in Body Language Translation

Information can not be effectively extracted from a discourse unless the audience

considers the specific and mode. In translation, besides considering the elements of the target language, time, place, character, we should lay stress on the non-language elements which have a conditioned function on the discourse. So, without the analysis of language environment, it will lead to false translation. Therefore, the importance of contextual awareness in translation must be taken into full account.

In 1992, a Japanese scholar 西棋正光 pointed out in his article Context and Language

that context exerts eight functions: absolute function, design function, restrictive function, interpretative function, derivative function, filtering and supplementary function, transformative function and acquisitive function. (西棋正光,1992,p.26.) As a matter of fact, the interpretative function and restrictive function are considered to be the main ones, from which the other functions are derived. The functions of context also apply to the application of