2011年三级语法讲义(3)

成人学士学位英语学习资料

c) 非延续性动词的完成时和it is +时间+since….（过去时）

英语中有些动词不能延续， 因此不能和表示延续的时间状语连用。

e.g. It is (has been) an hour since the delegation arrived here.

It is 3 years since the diver left Shanghai.

d) have (has) been to 和have (has) gone to 的区别

have (has) been to:去过某地（表示某人的一种经历）可和once, twice, often, never, ever连

用。have (has) gone to:

e.g.The novelist has gone to the Yellowstone National Park.

The novelist has been to the Yellowstone National Park twice.

非延续性动词的用法说明：

come

e.g. He came here last week.

He has come here.

be here

e.g. He has been here for ten months since last year.

arrive: be here

die

e.g. The professor died last year.

The professor has died.

be dead

e.g. The professor has been dead for one year.

join

e.g. Robert joined the army in 2005.

Robert has joined the army.

be in the army

e.g. Robert has been in the army for two years.

Robert has been in the army since 2005.

It’s (has been) two years since he joined the army.

buy

e.g. Bob bought the dictionary in May.

Bob has bought the dictionary.

get, have

e.g. Bob has had the dictionary for four months.

go

e.g. The delegation has gone to Japan.

The delegation has been to Japan.

be there, be here

e.g. The delegation has been in Japan for three years.

8. 过去完成时

a) 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作（即过去的过去）。这个过去的某一时

间可用by, before等介词或连词引导的短语或一个从句来表示。

e.g. By the end of last year, the chemist had worked here for five years.

b) 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到另一个过去的时间的动作。

e.g.The meeting had been on for two hours when we arrived there.