13.off 14. frightened 15. inevitably 16. no

17. iust 18. before 19. across 20. knocking

Speaking

(Open)

Translation and Writing

A

故意违犯成文法律的行为(非暴力反抗)，顾名思义，是一种违法行为。关于非暴力反抗的理论研究承认，非暴力反抗目口使事出有因也应受到惩罚。事实上，违背法律的行为即使仅作为形式上的异议而非实质性的异议，其无论在道德上还是在法律上，都是不容许的。只有当那些法律违背了人类生活的基本价值观，公民对此进行非暴力反抗，以示道德上的保护时，该行为才能得到合理支持。

有一种假想认为，法律是非暴力反抗的确黼对象，该假想中充斥着不可忽视的道德、法律责任。根据该假想，公民如果在道义上是正当的，他必须准备呈交对违法行为的起诉书；井在该起诉失败时，他应当受到惩罚。他甚至可以要求实施该法律并心甘情愿地默认法庭的最后裁决。

为了保持一个公平的社会，我们必须认可“宽容原则”，政府必须容忍以适当方式表达出的个人异议，个人也必须容忍依法确定的多数裁决。没有人能滥用自由，所有人都得对反对意见持宽容态度。持异议者必须接受对他们的异议所持的不同意见，并对它们持尊重的态度。如果不尊重这一原则，那么公民的非暴力反抗不仅在法律上是错误的，在道德上也是不恰当的。

B

1. Parents of young children often become depressed, and this is especially true of single parent.

2. Through communications satellites, we are able to be in touch with events on the other side of the world almost as they happen.

3. That change seems certain to heat up inflation, so government officials felt that they should take some measures to cool it off.

4. The most serious politicians are those who respond most quickly to social changes.

5. The chart shows that the level of crime in this area is almost always in direct proportion to the number of the unemployed.

6. She acted so strangely that she had to be put away.

7. If you don't need the money at present, put it in the bank. It's always useful to have something to fall back on.

8. The opposition has consistently accused the government of corruption. What's more, they have named names.

9. He was guilty of an important misjudgment. Given his old age, he was only sentenced to five years' imprisonment.

10. In the face of repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it.

Reading Practice

1. The Victorians thought that the prisons were for punishment while according to Elizabeth Fry, prisons were to reform the criminals.

2. A prison.

3. stop them from hurting people