在过去，当探险者或商人们走出家园到外面的世界去寻找新的领地、市场或原材料资源时，

他们通常与跟他们打交道的当地人说的不是同一种语言。遇到这种情况时，他们一般采取以

下三种方法之一来对付，吕口：(1)外来人学习说当地主人的语言(或反之)，(2)他们使用当

地作为贸易用的第三种语言，或(3)产生一种新的语言——这种语言是由使用者的不同母语的

一些成分合成的。在说不同语言的人群中用来作为他们共同的交际工具的语言叫混合语(交际

语)。这个名称是由在地中海地区使用的中世纪时的贸易语言派生而来的。这种贸易语言主要

基于日耳曼语(意大利语、法语和西班牙语)，但也包括了一些希腊语、阿拉伯语和土耳其语

的成分。在当今世界，将英语称为最主要的交际语是合适的，因为英语是大部分说不同语言

的人的交际工具。

B

1. One theory refers to the sensitivity to the target language as being one of the

most important factors in language learning.

2. In order to help students in their study of English, the library has decided to

lease English films in the original to them.

3. On weekends, if one shop puts up discount notices, other shops, big or small, will

come up with it by putting up more discount notices.

4. When ungrammatical expressions of a language become prevalent in socie they will

gradually be~ by the public.

5. The closing of the company was not caused by a shortage of capital but by

management deficiency.

6. Advertisements usually highlight the product or service they advertise to attract

customers.

7. It is argued that we should withhold the speed of language change; otherwise we

may have to learn a new language every twenty years.

8. I feel gratitude to him because every time I encountered difficulties in my study

he would help me.

9. It will take great pains to improve/change the financial situation of the factory.

10.Those who advocate the purity of a language protect the language for the

sake of their culture.

Reading Practice

1.F 2.T 3. F 4.T

5.T 6.F 7. F 8.T

Unit Two

Answer Key

Comprehension

A

1. i People have different opinions about lies but they don't differ much in defining

what truth is.