法律英语基本句型(4)

WHERE引导的是典型的条件从句，相当于IN THE CASE WHERE。最典型的翻译是“凡---”，或者“如---”

例：where a defendant is fined and the same is not forthwith paid, the magistrate may order the defendant to be searched.

凡被告人被判处罚款，但没有随即缴纳罚款的， 裁判官可命令搜查被告人。

例子：前款规定的人员，索取他人财物或者非法收受他人财物，犯前款罪的，处五年以上10年以下有期徒刑，并处罚金。

where a person staed in the preceding paragraph extorts money and goods from others or illeaglly accepts money and goods from others to commits the aforementioned crime, he is to be sentenced to more than five years but not morethan 10 years of fixed-term imprisonment and a fine.

（六）any person who does---shall该句型是表达“界定何种行为属于违法而应该受到什么样的处罚”最直接，简明的方式。

例 ：Any person in respect of whom an order under subsection(1) has been made who contravenes the order commits an offence and is liable to be a fine of $50,00 and to impreisonment for 12 months.

受法庭根据第（1）款所作命令限制的人如违反该命令，即属犯罪，可处罚款￥50，000以及监禁12个月。

该句型标准的谓语动词是shall+do 但是也可以与第三人称单数配合的动词现在式。如上例中的commits an offence或 is liable to a fine of。 该句型的变种有：把主语改为every person , a person但是汉语中译法不变，一概翻为“任何人”

例： A person shall not, by reason only of his being an executor of a will, be imcompetent to be admitted a witness to prove the execution of such will , or a witness to prove the validity or invalidity thereof.

任何人不会仅因为身为遗嘱执行人，而没有资格获接受为见证人以证明遗嘱的签立，或证明该遗嘱具备或不具备效力。

（七）for the purpose(s) of

习惯普通英语的人可能会自然得将其翻译为“为了---目的“，但是在法律英语中，

这个短语的翻译并不是那么简单，虽然有的时候它也作“为了---目的”解。 例： whoever, for the purpose of illegal possesion, uses one of the following means during signing or executing a contract to obtain property