1168

Florini JR. Raf-1 activation stimulates proliferation and inhibits IGF-stimulated differentiation in L6A1 myoblasts. Horm Metab Res 1999; 31(2/3): 55-64.

Ehrenreiter K, Piazzolla D, Velamoor V, Sobczak I, Small JV, Takeda J, et al. Raf-1 regulates Rho signaling and cell migration.J Cell Biol 2005; 168(6): 955-64.

Zebisch A, Staber PB, Delavar A, Claudia B, Karin H, Katja F, et al. Two transforming C-RAF germ-line mutations identified in patients with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res 2006; 66(7): 3401-8.

Yu J, Deshmukh H, Gutmann RJ, Emnett RJ, Rodriguez FJ, Wat-son MA, et al. Alterations of BRAF and HIPK2 loci predominate in sporadic pilocytic astrocytoma. Neurology 2009; 73(19): 1526-31.

Jones DT, Kocialkowski S, Liu L, Pearson DM, Bäcklund LM, Ichimura K, et al. Tandem duplication producing a novel onco-genic BRAF fusion gene defines the majority of pilocytic astro-cytomas. Cancer Res 2008; 68(21): 8673-7.

Jones DT, Kocialkowski S, Liu L, Pearson DM, Ichimura K , Collins VP. Oncogenic RAF1 rearrangement and a novel BRAF mutation as alternatives to KIAA1549: BRAF fusion in activat-ing the MAPK pathway in pilocytic astrocytoma. Oncogene 2009; 28(20): 2119-23.

Ciampi R, Knauf JA, Kerler R, Gandhi M, Zhu Z, Nikiforova MN, et al. Oncogenic AKAP9-BRAF fusion is a novel mecha-nism of MAPK pathway activation in thyroid cancer. J Clin In-vest 2005; 115(1): 94-101.

Palanisamy N, Ateeq B, Kalyana-Sundaram S, Pflueger D, Ramnarayanan K, Shankar S, et al. Rearrangements of the RAF kinase pathway in prostate cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma. Nat Med 2010; 16(7): 793-8.

Mendel DB, Laird AD, Xin X, Louie SG, Christensen JG, Li G, et al. In vivo antitumor activity of SU11248, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors: Determination of a pharmacokinetic/pharmaco dynamic relationship. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9(1): 327-37.

Montagut C, Settleman J. Targeting the RAFMEK-ERK pathway in cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2009; 283(2): 125-34.

Dhomen N, Marais R. BRAF signaling and targeted therapies in melanoma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2009; 23(3): 529-45, ix.

Eisen T, Ahmad T, Flaherty KT, Gore M, Kaye S, Marais R, et al. Sorafenib in advanced melanoma: A phase II randomised dis-continuation trial analysis. Br J Cancer 2006; 95(5): 581-6.

Wilhelm SM, Carter C, Tang L, Wilkie D, McNabola A, Rong H, et al. BAY 43-9006 exhibits broad spectrum oral antitumor activity and targets the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor progression and angiogenesis.

·综述·

Cancer Res 2004; 64(19): 7099-109.

Xu TR, Lu RF, Romano D, Pitt A, Houslay MD, Milligan G, et al. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit a, regulates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32(1): 88-95.

Khazak V, Astsaturov I, Serebriiskii IG, Golemis EA. Selective Raf inhibition in cancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2007; 11(12): 1587-609.

Davis RK, Chellappan S. Disrupting the Rb-Raf-1 interaction: A potential therapeutic target for cancer. Drug News Perspect 2008; 21(6): 331-5.

Dasgupta P, Sun J, Wang S, Fusaro G, Betts V, Padmanabhan J, et al. Disruption of the Rb-Raf-1 interaction inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24(21): 9527-41.Kinkade R, Dasgupta P, Carie A, Pernazza D, Carless M, Pillai S, et al. A small molecule disruptor of Rb/Raf-1 interaction inhibits cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and growth of human tumor xe-nografts in nude mice. Cancer Res 2008; 68(10): 3810-8.

Rudin CM, Marshall JL, Huang CH, Kindler HL, Zhang C, Ku-mar D, et al. Delivery of a liposomal c-raf-1 antisense oligonu-cleotide by weekly bolus dosing in patients with advanced solid tumors: A phase I study.Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10(21): 7244-51.Dritschilo A, Huang CH, Rudin CM, Marshall J, Collins B, Dul JL, et al. Phase I study of liposome-encapsulated c-raf antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide infusion in combination with radiation therapy in patients with advanced malignancies. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12(4): 1251-9.

Hall-Jackson CA, Eyers PA, Cohen P, Goedert M, Boyle FT, He-witt N, et al. Paradoxical activation of Raf by a novel Raf inhibi-tor. Chem Biol 1999; 6 (8): 559-68.

Rajakulendran T, Sahmi M, Lefrançois M, Sicheri F, Therrien M. A dimerization-dependent mechanism drives RAF catalytic activation. Nature 2009; 461(7263): 542-5.

Hatzivassiliou G, Song K, Yen I, Anderson DJ, Alvarado R, Ludlam MJ, et al. RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to ac-tivate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth. Nature 2010; 464(7287): 431-5.

Poulikakos PI, Zhang C, Bollag G, Shokat KM, Rosen N. RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wildtype BRAF. Nature 2010; 464(7287): 427-30.

Heidorn SJ, Milagre C, Whittaker S, Nourry A, Duvas IN, Dhomen N, et al. Kinase-dead BRAF and oncogenic RAS co-operate to drive tumor progression through CRAF. Cell 2010; 140(2): 209-21.

Xu TR, Vyshemirsky V, Gormand A, Von KA, Girolami M, Baillie GS, et al. Inferring signaling pathway topologies from multiple perturbation measurements of specific biochemical spe-cies. Sci Signal 2010; 3(134): ra20.

48

36

49

37

50

38

51

39 52

40 53

54

41

42 55

56

43

57

44 45

58

59

46

60

47