高中英语非谓语动词用法详解及练习(含答案详解(2)

时间:2025-02-23

非谓语动词用法详解及练习(含答案详解)

为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词 + 动词不定式,表示“足能 ”的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now.

3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定

式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help him every day.

4、疑问词 + 动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中

可作主语、表语或宾语,如:How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.

5、动词不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成,如:It’s wrong

of you not to attend the meeting.

6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系:

(1)一般式:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在

多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同时);

(2)完成式:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,如:I am

sorry to have kept you waiting.

(3)进行式:动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中,而且与谓语动词所表示的动作

同时发生,如:She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.

7、动词不定式的被动语态用法:如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的

承受者时,不定式一般就用被动语态形式,如:What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet.

非谓语动词(二)——动词-ing形式

(二)-ing形式:动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征,

可以带有 其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。

1、-ing的形式:-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态,而不

及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例,将其-ing各种

(1)作主语:Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时,如果其结 构较长,可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的-ing后置。如:It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.

(2)作表语:Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.

(3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much.;②作某些短语动词的

宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York.;③ do+限定词(my, some, any, the等)+ -ing,表示“做 事”之意,如:We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介词的宾语:Her sister is good at

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