My trousers are being washed now.

There is a pair of shoes in the box.

10．表示度量、价格、时间的复数名词词组作主语时一般被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。 Ten dollars is not enough.

Three months has passed since he left.

11．主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及news, works (工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外means一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。

Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn.

A new means of teaching is being used in that school.

12．主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。

The United States is a developed country.

13．主语是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名词时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式，如指的是全体人员时，谓语用复数。

His family are all music lovers.

14．“one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。

She is the only one of these women who plays the violin.

15．主语是

疑问代词who, what, which,不定代词all, more, most, any, none等以及名词half, part, the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。

Half of the visitors are from Europe.

Half of the fruit is bad.

16．主语是表示数量的“one and a half +复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式。主语是“one or two + 复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式。

One and a half bananas is left on the table.

There are one or two things I‘d like to know about.

17．the +形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。如： The rich are not always happy.

The new is sure to replace the old.

18．由not only but also, neither nor, either or, not but以及or连接的并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致。

Not only your father''s friends but also your father likes smoking.

19．在倒装句中以及在There be 结构中，如主语是并列的，谓语动词往往和其后面的第一个主语取得数上的一致。

Where is your mother and younger sister?

There is a pen , two pencils and five books on the desk.

20．动名词或动词不定式作主语，其谓语用单数形式。

When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet。

UNIT3

TEXT A

Learn new words and phrases

1. weaken: v 削弱、减弱，字根：weak: a 虚弱的

构词形式：adj/n + en或en + adj/n = v