The Subjunctive Mood(英语资料)(5)

They had dinner before they left. : to eat We had some letters this morning. : receive His wife has just had a baby. : to give birth to We had hoped to get some tea in the house, but there was none to be had for love or

money. : be obtained

A good time was had by all. :experience

Have you ever been had? : be tricked

2. 真被动和假被动

Be + done: be 为一般现在时，done 动词为瞬间及物动词， 其意义与完成时一样表动作的结

果。

The old temple is already demolished.= People have already demolished the temple. The window is broken.= Someone has broken the window.

His left arm is injured.= Someone has injured his left arm.

但表反复意义时，动词的一般现在时表真被动。

The window is closed every day.—someone closes the window every day. A great deal of property is destroyed by hurricane every year. Be为一般过去时时，既可被视为假被动又可视为真被动。 The window was broken. the window was not intact. The window was broken by someone. The door was closed. The door was not open. Someone closed the door. Done动词不是瞬间动词时，be是一般现在时时，表反复动作；be为过去时时，表一次动作或反复动作。 The house is repaired.--> someone often repairs the house. The house was repaired.-->someone repaired the house. someone often repaired the house. The window was broken yesterday. The window has been broken for a long time. 3. Be-被动和get-被动 a. be –既可表动作又可表状态，get-被动只表动作 The window was broken yesterday. =the window got broken yesterday. b. 突发的动作用get-被动，否则用be-被动。 She got caught/was caught by the police driving at 60 through Cambridge. One of his fingers got squeezed/was squeezed in the door. The letter was written by his brother. c. 表主语有意识的行为时用get-被动否则用be被动。 He got invited to the party. =he managed to be invited to the party. He was invited to the party. =someone invited him to the party. d. 主语对自己做的事情只能用get 被动 I got dressed /dressed myself though I was only two years old. He is getting washed/is washing himself in the bathroom.