适应新排放标准的火电厂除尘技术
时间:2026-01-21
时间:2026-01-21
适应新排放标准的火电厂除尘技术
研究论文(Articles)
节能减排
适应新排放标准的火电厂除尘技术
陈国榘
中国科学院广州能源研究所,广州510070
摘要
简要介绍历次修订《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》时,中国火电厂在开发和应用电除尘器、袋除尘器、电袋复合除尘器方面的
改进;指出电除尘器按传统凭飞灰比电阻和化学成分确定驱进速度并进行电除尘器选型设计,其偏差颇大;提出应更重视飞灰物相组分,还要重视显微结构、浸润性、黏附性、粒径分布和视密度、煤的燃烧方式、炉温、燃烧气氛等的影响;推荐用满足排放浓度所需要的比集尘面积数值判别不同煤质和飞灰的电除尘难易性;比较电除尘器、袋除尘器、电袋复合除尘器的技术特点和技术经济性后,建议:①煤、灰品质较稳定,比集尘面积<160m2/(m3·s-1)就能达标者,优先选用电除尘器;②煤、灰品质多样或多变,比集尘面积≥·160m2/(m3s-1),或已运行的除尘器需大幅提高除尘效率才能达标者,优先选用电袋复合除尘器,它与袋除尘器一样能够有效地捕集PM10和PM2.5微尘;③燃煤硫分低,除尘器进口烟尘浓度较低,烟气速度场、浓度场、温度场和漏风比较均匀时,需要比集尘面·积≥160m2/(m3s-1)才能达标者,优先选用袋除尘器。
关键词排放标准;电除尘器;袋除尘器;电袋复合除尘器;比集尘面积;煤质;飞灰;技术特点;技术经济比较
中图分类号X701.2,TM621.7文献标识码A文章编号1000-7857(2010)03-0090-06
DustControlTechnologiesUndertheNewEmissionStandardforThermalPowerPlants
CHENGuoju
GuangzhouInstituteofEnergyConversion,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Guangzhou510070,China
Abstract
Theprogressofdustcontroltechnologiesforthermalpowerplantsaccompanyingwiththesuccessiverevisionsofemission
standardsarereviewedinthispaper.Electrostaticprecipitator(ESP),BagFilter(BF)andESP-BFintegration(COPAC)areamongthosetechnologiesadoptedformeetingthesestandards.ItispointedoutthattodesigntheESPwithamigrationvelocity,itisnotenoughtoconsideronlythedustresistivityandthechemicalcomposition,whichwouldinvolvealargeerror.Onehastoconsidertheinfluencesofdustmineralcompositionandotherpropertiessuchasmicrostructure,infiltration,adhesion,particlesizedistributionandapparentdensity,aswellasthecoalcombustionmethod,furnacetemperature,andcombustionatmosphere.ItisrecommendedtousetheSpecificCollectionArea(SCA)oftheESPasanindexofthedustprecipitabilityfordifferentflyashes,producedfromdifferentcoalcombustions.BasedontechnicalandeconomicalcomparisonsbetweenESP,BFandCOPAC,thefollowingsuggestionsaremade.(1)Incaseofstablecoalsupply,
··theESPispreferred,whenSCA<160m2/(m3s-1)inordertomeettheemissionstandard;(2)COPACispreferred,whenSCA≥160m2/(m3s-1)
isrequiredwithavarietyoforchangeablecoalsuppliesorincasewhenitisnecessarytoobviouslyimprovetheexistingESPperformanceinordertomeettheemissionstandard.COPACcanalsocollectM10andPM2.5fineparticulatesinthesamemannerasBF.(3)BFis
·preferredwhenSCA≥160m2/(m3s-1)isrequiredandincaseoflowsulfurcoal,lowinletdustconcentration,uniformgas/dustdistribution
andevenairleakage.
Keywordsemissionstandard;electrostaticprecipitator;bagfilter;electrostaticprecipitatorandbagfilter;specificcollectionarea;coal
properties;flyash;technicalfeatures;technicalandeconomiccomparison
新的《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》即将颁布实施,新建火电厂烟尘排放浓度必须执行粉尘排放浓度CO≤30mg/Nmm3
新标准。这对于火电行业来说,既是新的挑战,更是攀登除尘技术新高峰的机遇。
收稿日期:2009-12-07
作者简介:陈国榘,研究员,研究方向为烟气净化及其测试技术,电子信箱:chenguoju@
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