2013年职称英语等级考试(理工类A级)真题(5)

3小题>、 25. Paragrahp3

4小题>、 26. Paragrahp4

5小题>、 A. the creation of new entities B. an explosion of huge.stars C. the

tiniest particle D. the same amount of mass E. the existence of black holes F. a fraction of an inch 27. Black holes are formed after

6小题>、 28. When a large star explodes, the gravity compacts every piece into 7小题>、 29. A newly formed black hole and the star it comes from are of

8小题>、 30. Albert Einstein's theory of relativity helps to prove

四、阅读理解

第18题： 第一篇 Forecasting Methods There are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method forecastcr chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the fore- caster, the

level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confi- dence needed in the forecast. The first of these methods is the

persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For ex- ample, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the

persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However9 if

weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persist- ence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use. The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation（降水量）.Using this

information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is l, OOO miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, using the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 davs. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. If they slow down, speed up, change intensi- ty, or change direction9 the trends forecast will probably not work as well. The climatology(气候学)method is

another simple way of producing a forecast. this method inP volves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail. The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves ex- amining today's forecast scenario(模式) and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will be- have the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossi- ble to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same