初中英语语法三大从句汇总(3)

发布时间:2021-06-08

All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光物,未必尽黄金。

She told me everything that she knew. 她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。

2. 当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时,关系代词一般都用that。

This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的一部小说。

He is the only person that has been invited to the ball. 他是惟一应邀参加舞会的人。

3. 当关系代词出现在which开头的疑问句时,应用that。

Which was the hotel that was recommended to the foreign guest? 哪一个是推荐给外宾的宾馆?(这里使用that很明显是为了避免重复which)

4. 在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词一般只用which。

Beijing, which is the capital of the People’s Republic of China, will host the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京是中华人民共和国的首都,将主办2008年奥运会。

5. 介词后的关系代词用which,而不用that。

She has collected 600 stamps, 60% of which are German stamps. 她收集了600张邮票,其中60%是德国邮票。

五、定语从句的位置

如前所述,定语从句一般总是直接置于所修饰的名词或代词之后。有时候,定语从句与先行词之间插入了其他的短语,这样它们被分隔了,这种情况下的定语从句被称作隔离定语从句。

There was a girl upstairs who was shouting and crying, obviously mad.

楼上有一个女孩,大喊大叫。很明显,她疯了。(定语从句who was shouting and crying修饰the girl,被upstairs所隔开)

A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.

明天要来一位新老师教你们德语了。(定语从句置于句末以示强调)

宾语从句

一、引导词

(1)由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。

I told him that he was wrong.

在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式。(见语法:否定转移)

I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)

在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。 We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)

(2) 由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。

Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换。

I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.

在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.

和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

(3)由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句,它们在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分。 Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)

I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)

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