接宾语说明动作是对谁或为谁而做, 直接宾语则是动作的承受者或结果。一般情况下, 宾语都在动词后面, 顺序是: 主语 → 谓语 → 宾语。

练习：请找出下列句子的宾语。

1. He has never met her in person. ( ____________________________ )

2. She handed him a book. ( ________________________________ )

3. He likes to play basketball. ( ________________________________ ) 4. We enjoy listening to the music. ( ____________________________ )

5. She said that she felt sick. ( ____________________________ )

6. They sent the injured to hospital. ( ________________________________ ) 7. I find it impossible to believe her any longer.( ________________________ )

8. We consider it no good getting up late.( ____________________________ )

9. They believed it strange that he should have done that. ( _______________) 注意

当句子的宾语为__________、___________、或_________时, 常用形式宾语it, 以保持句子的平衡。

句子成分II：表语/定语/状语/补

一、表语

系动词是表示人或事物状态、性质的动词, 如: be, get, sound, look, seem, feel等。系动词后 面的部分叫表语。作表语的典型词类是形容词, 也可以名词、数词、极少数副词(如here, there)、介词短语、不定式、分词、表语从句等。系动词与表语共同构成谓语, 说明主语的状态、性质等。

练习：请找出下列句子的表语并指出表语是由什么来充当的(名词、数词、形容词、介词, 不定式, 分词, 还是表语从句)。

1. My wallet is on the desk. ( _____________________ )

2. The book isn’t mine. ( _____________________ ) 3. The leaves turn yellow in fall. ( ______________________ )

4. He has become a police officer. ( ______________________ )

5. My suggestion is that we should start at once.( _______________________ )

6. My suggestion is to leave at once. ( _____________________________ ) 7. His speech was boring. ( _________________ )

8. The whole class got excited at the good news. ( _________________ )

二、定语

定语用来修饰名词或代词, 起限定作用。作定语的典型词类是形容词和形容词性物主代词, 也可以是数词、名词、介词短语、分词、定语从句等。定语一般位于被修饰词之前，但若修饰复合不定代词(如something)时, 或者是短语或定语从句作定语, 则总是放在所修饰名词的后边。

练习：请找出下列句子的定语并指出定语是由什么充当(形容词、形容词性代词、数词、名词、介词短语、分词还是定语从句)