写作技能突破

句子成分I: 主语/谓语/宾语

写作离不开句子, 要写好英语的句子, 首先要了解英语的句子由哪些成分构成, 能充当这些成分的是各是什么词。

句子的组成部分分为：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语, 其中主语与谓语是主要成分, 一般不可缺少。本单元复习主语、谓语和宾语。

一、主语

主话表示句子所说的是什么人或什么事。

练习: 请找出下列句子的主语。

1.The boy comes from America. ( __________________________ )

2.He usually went to school alone. ( __________________________ ) 3. Studying English is very important. ( _______________________________ )

4. To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary.( ________________________)

5. That he won the prize excited everyone. ( ___________________________ ) 6. It is important for us to have our dreams. ( __________________________ )

7. It is obvious that he was wrong. ( _________________________________ )

8. It is no use crying over spilt milk. ( _________________________________)

二、 谓语

谓语说明主语的动作 (即主语做了什么事)、状态或特征。谓语由动词或短语动词充当, 或者由“系动词+表语”构成。除了倒装等特殊情况外, 谓语总是位于主语的后面, 即“主语>谓语”。

动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语, 连系动词与表语一起构成谓语, 情态动词与动词原形构成合成谓语, 助动词与动词的适当形式(如：原形、现在分词、过去分词)共同构成谓语部分。

注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。

练习：请找出下列句子的谓语并指出谓语的构成：实义动词、连系动词+表语、情态动词+动词的原形还是助动词+动词的适当形式?

1. His parents are teachers. ( _____________________________ )

2. The sun rises in the east. ( ______________________________ )

3. We have finished reading the book. ( ______________________________ )

4. You ought to work harder. ( ______________________________ ) 5. I felt cold. ( ______________________________ )

6. He doesn’t like music. ( ______________________________ )

三、宾语

宾语是动词的动作对象。一般由名词、宾格代词(me, her等), 或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当 (包括不定式、动名词还有宾语从句)。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语, 间