ICIP'2000, Vancouver, September 2000. We show that traditional waveform-coding and 3-D model-based coding are not competing alternatives but should be combined to support and complement each other. Both approaches are combined such that the generality of w

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Fig.7.Frame54ofthesequenceClapperBoard.a)Modelframewithoutclapperboard;b)MAC,36.1dB,2900bits;c)TMN-10withsameaveragebit-rateasMAC,32.7dB,3200bits;d)TMN-10withsameaveragePSNRasMAC,36.0dB,5800bits.reconstructedframefromthemodel-aidedcoderishighersincefacialfeaturesarereproducedmoreaccuratelyandwithlessarti-facts.Thedifferenceisevenmorestrikingwhenviewingmotionsequences1.