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(3) still 不动的；静止的。指无运动的状态。

eg: Please stand still when I take photos of you.

(4) silent 寂静的；沉默的；无语的。指没有声音或不讲话。

eg: He asked me to keep silent about the matter.

11. When he borrowed it last time, he broke it and you had to pay to get it repaired.

get it repaired意为“叫人修理”。其中的get是使役动词，意为“使”，也和换为have（使）；repaired是过去分词，作宾补，与宾语构成被动关系。get / have sth / sb done表示：(1) 遭遇到某事 eg: He got his left leg broken yesterday.

(2) 请(让)某人做某事 eg: I’ll get my bad teeth pulled out tomorrow.

(3) 单纯表示被动和完成 eg: I have got my homework finished.

归纳：(1) get sb to do sth 意为“使 / 让某人做某事”。(不定式作宾补，与宾语构成主动关系，宾补一般为短暂性的

动词，表示一次行为)。 eg: Get him to come to my office.

(2) get sth / sb doing 意为“使得 ”。(现在分词作宾补，与宾语构成主动关系，宾补多为延续性动词，表示“使

不停在做”) eg: Can you get the car going again?

“使 处于某种状态” eg: They got the light burning all night long.

12.

upset adj. 作状语，用来说明主语所处的一种状态，并非修饰动词。 eg: He lay in bed awake.

13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.

while walking the dog = while you were walking the dog 在when，while，if， unless，though (although)，

once等连词引导的状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。

eg: Unless invited, I won’t go. = Unless I am invited, I won’t go.

14. …tell him that he should have studied, so you don’t let him look at your paper.

should have studied 意为“本来应该学习”，而实际上并没有学习，常用来表示责备、遗憾。

eg: We should have given him more help.

“情态动词 + have done”的用法如下：

(1) should / ought to have done 表示“本应该做 ”，而实际上没做。

eg: You ought to have finished your homework.

(2) should not / ought not to have done 表示“本不应该 ”，而实际上做了。

eg: You shouldn’t have told him about it.

(3) could have done 表示“本能够做 ”而没做。

eg: I could have done it better.

(4) needn’t have done 表示“本没有必要做 ”而做了。

eg: We needn’t have waited for him. He left half an hour ago.

15. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.

连词before意为“在 之前”，但在不同场合，该词有不同的译法，常见的有以下几种：

(1) 之后才 eg: It will be two years before he comes back.

(2) 不久就 eg: They hadn’t married long before they began to quarrel.

(3) 没有来得及 就 eg: He left before I could say goodbye to him.

16. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown s crazy about everything to do

with nature.

(1) 本句包含一个强调句式，即it’s…that…，对原因状语从句 because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long进

行强调。 eg: Was it you that / who let out the secret to her?

(2) 在it is之后的表原因的从句中，只能用 because来引导，不能用 since或 as 。

eg: ---Why was he punished by his teacher?

---It was because he cheated in the exam.

(3) to do with nature意为“和大自然有关”，其中to do with表示“和 有关”，常用于have…to do with… 的结构