精品课程-讲课幻灯-第十一章-口腔健康教育和口腔健康促进

口腔健康促进与健康教育 Oral Health Promotion & Health Education

北京大学口腔医学院

预防口腔医学教研室

The concept of health(1) 健康(health): 健康不仅仅是没有疾病或衰弱，而是身心健康、 社会幸福的完美状态。 Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity。——World Health Organization (1946) Basic Documents, 5th ed. P. 1.

Understand the concept of health (2) 根据人类系统结构定义健康， 引入行为科学的方法研究健康问题。强调健康不仅与个体有关，

还与社会，生态和经济方面的因素有关。 What this definition recognizes relevant to health care is that the terms “physical,mental,and social …” ,conceptualize health according to human-system framework which invites a behavioural science-oriented approach to the study of health. Furthermore,it emphasizes the idea that health goes beyond the individual to include social,ecological and economic facets of health.

The dimensions of health

个体健康(inner circle)

6 个方面社会健康(middle circle) 环境健康(out circle)

The concept of oral health(1) ※口腔健康(oral health): 牙齿清洁、无龋洞、无疼

痛感、牙龈颜色正常、无出血现象。Teeth clean no caries cavities, no pains, gingiva with normal colure and no sign of bleeding.—— WHO 1981

The concept of oral health(2) 口腔健康(Oral Health):口腔健康是牙、

牙周组织、口腔临近部位及颌面部均无组织 结构与功能性异常。Dental health is concerned with the functional efficiency not only of the teeth and supporting structures but also the surrounding parts of the oral cavity and or the various structures related to mastication and the maxilla-facial complex。—— WHO 1965

The concept of oral health(3) 口腔健康不再仅仅关系到对口腔疾病的治

疗，而是与可预防的一系列口腔疾病危险 因素有关，特别是社会心理、经济和文化 因素。

口腔健康教育Oral Health Education

健康教育定义Definition of Health Education:

Any planned combination of

learning experiences designed to predispose,enable,and reinforce voluntary behaviour conducive to health,in individuals, groups, or communities.(Frazier,1992)

健康教育定义Definition of Health Education:

健康教育(health education):任何学习机会和教学活动的结合，其内容是为了促进人们 自觉接受有益于健康的行为。 Any combination of learning opportunities and teaching activities designed to facilitate

voluntary adaptations of behaviour that are conducive to health。——Green,L.W. National policy in the promotion of health, 1979

※口腔健康教育的最终目的The objective of dental health education 口腔健

康教育的最终目的是使人认识到并能

终生保持口腔健康。 The ultimate objective of all planned dental health education activities is to obtain and maintain optimum dental and oral health status for all individuals throughout life.(WHO 1970)

口腔健康教育的基本概念 (1)Basic Concepts of Oral Health Education ※口腔健康教育(Oral health education):以教育的手

段促使人们主动采取利于口腔健康的行为，以达到建立口 腔健康行为的目的。 健康教育的一部分。口腔健康目标的实现要求运用健康教 育有效的原则和程序。 Dental health education is an integral part of general health education,the achievement of dental health goals will require the application of principles and processes that are effective in other aspects of health education。(WHO,1970)

口腔健康教育的基本概念 (2)Basic Concepts of Oral Health Education 是通过行为改变来促进健康的科学：包括

个人、集体和整个社会的改变。知识 态度 价值观 干预 技能 环境个体 或 群体

行为改变

健康教育工作原理

口腔健康教育的基本概念(3)Basic Concepts of Oral Health Education 健康教育不能代替预防服务措施，它是预防

服务措施的教育部分，为了使人们了解和接 受这些措施的价值。

Health education is not a substitute for a preventive service—it is the educational component of such a service designed to develop understanding and acceptance of its value. (WHO 1984)

口腔健康教育的基本概念 (4)Basic Concepts of Oral Health Education “人民有权利和义务参加讨论制定健康计划以及如

何贯彻等问题” “针对人群中流行的疾病进行健康教育，并教给 人们确定、预防和控制这些疾病的方法”,是初 级卫生保健八项任务的首位任务， 健康教育和促进在实现个人和社区的口腔健康中 是必不可少的，两者不可分割，无论何时都应该 成为所有保健项目策划、执行和评价的一部分。—— 1978年阿拉木图宣言第四条款

口腔健康教育的基本概念Basic Concepts of Oral Health Education “the people have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their health care”, “Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of identifying, preventing and controlling them” as the first of the eight recommended activities making up primary health care. ——WHO。 Primary health care. Alma-Ata 1978.