osha教材-power_tools 电动工具

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Tools – Hand and Power

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

HazardsWorkers using hand and power tools may be exposed to these hazards:objects that fall, fly, are abrasive, or splash harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, and gases frayed or damaged electrical cords, hazardous connections and improper grounding

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Basic Tool Safety Rules Maintain regularly Use right tool for the job Inspect before use Operate according to manufacturers’ instructions Use the right personal protective equipment (PPE) Use guards

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Hand Tool HazardsHazards are usually caused by misuse and improper maintenance

Do not use:wrenches when jaws are sprung impact tools (chisels and wedges) when heads have mushroomed tools with loose, cracked or splintered handles a screwdriver as a chisel tools with taped handles – they may be hiding cracksOSHA Office of Training and Education

Crack

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Hand Tools - ProtectionUse PPE, such as safety goggles and gloves Keep floor surface where working free from debris and tripping or slipping hazards Keep cutting tools sharp

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Power ToolsMust be fitted with guards and safety switches Extremely hazardous when used improperly Different types,determined by their power source: Electric Pneumatic Liquid fuel Hydraulic Powder-actuatedOSHA Office of Training and Education 6

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

SwitchesHand-held power tools must be equipped with one of the following: Constant pressure switch shuts off power upon release Examples: circular saw, chain saw, grinder, hand-held power drill On-Off Switch Examples: routers, planers, laminate trimmers, shears, jig saws, nibblers, scroll saws

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Power Tools - Precautions Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing and cleaning, and when changing accessories

Keep people not involved with the work away from the work Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the tool Don’t hold the switch button while carrying a plugged-in tool Keep tools sharp and clean Consider what you wear – loose clothing and jewelry can get caught in moving parts Remove damaged electric tools & tag them: “Do Not Use”OSHA Office of Training and Education 8

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Power Tools – PrecautionsElectric CordsDon’t carry portable tools by the cord Don’t use electric cords to hoist or lower tools Don’t yank cord or hose to disconnect it Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edgesOSHA Office of Training and Education 9

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Electric Power ToolsTo protect a worker from shock, these tools must: have a 3-wire cord plugged into a grounded receptacle be double insulated, or be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer

Double insulated markings

Plug with a grounding pin

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Electric Tools – Good Practices Operate within design

limits Use gloves and safety shoes Store in a dry place Don’t use in wet locations unless approved for that Keep work areas well lit Ensure cords don’t present a tripping hazard

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Abrasive Wheels and ToolsMay throw off flying fragments Equip with guards that: Cover the spindle end, nut, & flange projections Maintain proper alignment with the wheel Don’t exceed the strength of the fastenings Guard so that a minimal amount of the wheel is exposedOSHA Office of Training and Education 12

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Inspecting Abrasive WheelsBefore mounting: inspect closely for damage perform sound- or ring-test to ensure free from cracks / defects To test: tap wheel gently with a light, non-metallic instrument if wheel sounds cracked or dead, do not use it because it could fly apartOSHA Office of Training and Education 13

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Abrasive Wheel UseTo prevent cracking: fit the wheel on the spindle freely tighten the spindle nut enough to hold the wheel in place without distorting the flange Let the tool come up to speed prior to grinding or cutting Don’t stand in front of the wheel as it comes up to full speed Use eye and/or face protectionEnsure the spindle speed doesn’t exceed the maximum speed marked on the wheel

OSHA Office of Training and Education

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

Abrasive Wheel Work RestsKeep work rests not more than 1/8th inch from wheel surface This prevents jamming the work between the wheel and the rest, which may cause the wheel to break Don’t adjust wheel while it’s rotatingOSHA Office of Training and Education 15

美国OSHA建筑施工安全培训教材--英文版

GuardingGuard exposed moving parts of power tools Guard belts, gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, flywheels, chains, or other moving parts Never remove a guard when a tool is in useOSHA Office of Training and Education 16