zhijie kaodian

Taking everything into consideration，the result is better than expected. 把一切因素考虑进去，结果比预料的要好。

Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.

从他说的话来判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。

4．现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别：如果是意义上的主谓关系，一般用现在分词形式；如果是意义上的动宾关系，则一般用过去分词。

Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful.从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。(see 与主语the park之间存在动宾关系) Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even more beautiful. 从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)

【经典考题】

1. Dina，________for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

A．struggling B．struggled

C．having struggled D．to struggle

2． ________at my classmates’ faces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.

A．Looking B．Look

C．To look D．Looked

3． ________a written permission，he had to write another letter to the president of the university.

A．Not giving B．Not having been given

C．Having not given D．Having not been given

【考点四】非谓语动词作定语

1．现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。

There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.

在我们面前有两条路，一条通向沙滩，另一条通向公园。

2．过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。

For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm. 早饭他只喝自己农场种植的新鲜水果榨出来的果汁。