时事英语02-7全真试题及标答(4)

高级时事英语期末试题

ethnicity and racism

age

Class inequality concerns the levels of economic, political and cultural power people have. The bases of class position are occupation, wealth, education and….well we expect you to find out more in research.

Gender inequality concerns the social differences between men and women. The bases of gender inequality are a cause for dispute. We expect you to research the different approaches which include biological, psychological, cultural, and political-economic explanations. In addition, the form of family structure is an important basis for gender inequalities.

Ethnicity and racism is not about differences based on 'race'. It is about the way that the concept of 'race' has been used. Like 'gender', 'race' has been used as an excuse to treat people unequally. It has been used to discriminate against people from different ethnic backgrounds. It has also been used to discriminate against people, who look different even if they share the culture of those treating them unequally. The historical bases of social inequalities resulting from 'racism' may be immigration or colonization. These have lead to the development of differences in ethnicity, language or physical characteristics within one society. However it is not these characteristics in themselves that are the bases of racist forms of inequality. Rather it is the psychological, cultural and societal conditions that create the racist attitudes and behaviors that we will be examining. As you can see social inequality is a complex subject.

The relationship between age and inequality has different characteristics. In traditional societies in which older people are the heads of their families, and are recognized as having valuable experience and wisdom, it is the older people who have most cultural, economic and social power. In the consume stage of our market-economy societies we tend to treat young people with greater respect. They are the people who are willing to adapt to change and dispose of material goods very quickly. They have fewer family commitments and much more disposable income. They are ideal consumers. We will be investigating the concepts of 'consumerism' and 'fashion' as the bases of the privileged cultural position of young