讨论研究中国考试制度的可能方向,并进而探讨考试制度如何影响了中国人的教育方法,以及中国人的思维方式。

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¸Õ¤Î®æªº¤H¥i¯à«K¤£¬O¥-¥Á©Î³h´H¥X¨-¤F¡C«á¨Ó¦³³\¦h¤H¬Æ¦Ü§â¦Ò¥Í¥À¿Ë¨º¤@¤è-±ªº¿ËÄÝÃö«Y¤]¤@¨Öºâ¶i¥h¡C³o»ò¤@¨Ó¡A¨º»ò¤S¦³§ó¦hªº¤H¤£¦A¯àºâ¬O¥-¥Á¥X¨-¤F¡C³o-ӾdzNÁͶյo®i¨ì¤F³Ì°ª®pªº®É-Ô¡A«K¦³¤H»¡¥_§º«e¥b¬qªº¾ã-Ó©x¹±¼h¬O¥Ñ¤Ö©ó¤C¤Q?¡^¡]-Ó®a±Ú©ÒÃbÂ_¡C¦Ó-ô-Û¤ñ

¨È¤j¾ÇªºRobert Hymes§ó§âªB¤ÍÃö«Y³£ºâ¶i¥h¡A«ÅºÙ¤¤°êªÀ·|ùجìÁ|¦Ò¥ÍªºªÀ·|¬y°Êµ¥©ó¹s¡C

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¦³ªº¾ú¥v®a«K·|¤Þ¥Ó»¡§º¥N©Î¾ã-Ó¤¤°êªÀ·|ùØ¡A¯u¥¿¼vÅTªÀ·|¦a¦ì©M³ø¹Sªº¬O®a±Ú²Õ´¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¬ìÁ|¥X¨-¡C¨Æ¹ê¤WHymes«K´X¥G¬O³o»òÁ¿ªº¡C¡A

§Ú-Ó¤H»{¬°²¦³ºÁÙ¬O¦Ò¸Õ¥X¨-Å׬O«O»Ù¤@-Ó¤H¦Û¤v©ÎªÌ®a±ÚªÀ·|¦a¦ì35343332

32 Myron Cohen ¬O-ô-Û¤ñ¨È¤j¾Çªº±Ð±Â¡A¥L«K´£¥X¤¤°ê¥_¤è¤£¦Pªº±¡§Î¡C§Ú·Q¤@¯ë¤¤°ê¾ÇªÌ·|¦P·N¥Lªº¬Ýªk¡C¥Lªº¤å³¹ÃD¬°¡§Lineage Organization in North China,¡¨ Journal

of Asian Studies, 75 (1990, Mi.: Ann Arbor), 509-534¡C

33 ¥¦ªº¼Æ¥Ø¥i¹F¤@¸U¦h¤H¡C½Ð°Ñ¦ÒJohn Fei & Ts’ui-jung Liu, ¡§The Growth and Decline of Chinese Family Clans¡¨, Journal of Interndisciplinary History, 12.3 (1982, Cambridge), 375-408.

34 Robert Hartwell, “Demographic, Political and Social Transformations of China, 750-1550,” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 42 (1982), 365-442¡C§Ú¹ï³o½g¤å³¹¦³©Ò°Q½×¡A½Ð°Ñ¬Ý

§Úªº¡q§º¥NªÀ·|»P®a®x¡Gµû¤T¥»³Ìªñ¥Xª©ªº§º¥vµÛ§@¡r¡A¡m²MµØ¾Ç³ø¡n·s²Ä19¨÷¡]1989¡A

·s¦Ë¡^¡A191~207¡CŪªÌ¤]¥i¥H°Ñ¬Ý§Úªº¡m§º¥N©x¾Ç±Ð¨|»P¬ìÁ|¡nªº¤¤Ä¶¥»§Ç¡C

35 Robert Hymes, Statesmen and Gentlemen, The Elite of Fu-chou, Chiang-hsi, in Northern and Southern Sung (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 29-48, ¯S§O¬O-¶46ªº

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