ovals and four flowers・ When they did in order, they were given a banana-flavoured treat・ If they made a mistake, the screen went black for a few seconds and then a new experiment began with new pictures.

3Counting・

4

1the monkey

2the conventional idea

3the animal

4the traditional scientific view

5picture

6the fact that the monkeys could perform a sequence of cognitive tasks without any verbal instructions

7the monkeys could perform the task of first touching the picture containing the smaller number of objects and next touching the picture with larger number

8the two scientists, Brannon and Terrace

9picture

10the experimentsthe two scientists designed for mathematical ability of animals

Unit 4

2

1The flood happened in Boscastle, a small village in the wast of England・

2Yes. Many houses were severely damaged・

3No, nobody was killed.

4Because it stands in a deep valley where two rivers meet, and a third river also flows through the village. Moreover, the surrounding hills are rocky and there was nowhere for the water to go.

3

1(d) 2(c) 3(a) 4(d) 5 (a) 6(d) 7(d) 8(c) 9(a) 10(d)

4

1surprisingly

2what's worse

3so

4at first

5to tell the truth

6regarding

7but

8the truth is 5

(a) 4