英语国家概况 谢福之 课后习题答案 完整版

a)brought the Vietnam war to a close ;b)reestablishing U.S. relations with china ;c)

negotiating the first strategic arms limitation treaty with the former soviet union .

3.What were the contents of Reagan’s economic program?

Reagan’s economic program called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes in order to encourage investment , and it also requested that many government regulations be eliminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of business.

Chapter 10 government

1.What are the two characteristics of the U.S. constitution?

One is “checks and balances”, the other is that the power of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified.

2.What are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?

A senator must be over 30 years old , a U.S. citizen for at least nine years, and a resident in

the state which they represent . a representative should be at least 25 years old and a U.S.

citizen for no less than seven years.

3.What are the major powers of the supreme court?

a)to interpret laws ;b)to hear appeals from any federal court cases; c)to hear appeals from

state court cases that involve the constitution or national laws ; d)may declare a law unconstitutional ; e) may declare a presidential act unconstitutional.

4.What is the difference between the democrats and the republicans in terms of political

opinions?

The democrats want the government to play an important role in the economy and emphasize full employment as a matter of national concern . they favor civil rights laws , a strong social security system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demand that the government control inflation. They stress the need for law and order, and oppose complete government social programs and free choice of abortion . they also favor a strong military posture and assertive stand in international relations.

5.What is the content of president Wilson’s fourteen points?

president Wilson’s fourteen points include: abandonment of secret international agreements;

freedom of the sea; free trade between nations ; reduction of armaments ; adjustment of colonial claims in the interests of the inhabitants affected; self-rule for subjugated European nationalities ; and the establishment of an association of nations which guarantees the political independence and territorial integrity of all nations.

Chapter 11 economy

1.What industry developments took place during the colonial period of America?

During the colonial period ,the secondary industries developed as the colonies grew . a variety of specialized sawmills and gristmills appeared. Colonists established shipyards to build fishing fleets and trading vessels . they also built small iron forges . by the 18th century , regional patterns of development in America had become clear.

2.How did the civil war affect the American economy?

After the civil war , the large southern cotton plantations became much less profitable .

northern industries , which had expanded rapidly because of the demands of the war ,surged ahead.

3.Why does America try to reduce trade barriers?