不定积分的典型例题

不定积分的典型例题

x2 1

例1．計算 4

x 1

解法1

x4 1 (x2

2x 1)(x2 2x 1).

而 (x2 2x 1) (x2 2x 1) 2(x2 1) 所以

x2 1111

( x4 12 x2 2x 1 x2 2x 1) 1 [ 2

1

221(x )

22

1d(2x 1)

1

221

(x )

22

1d2x 1)

)

2(

2

2x 1) 1

2

2(

2x 1) 1

2

1

2x 1) 2x 1)] c.

x2 1(x2 2x 1) 2x

22

解法2 x4 1(x 2x 1)(x 2x 1)

dx2x

4 2

x 1x 2x 1

11 2x 1) arctanx2 c.

22 解法3

11

1d(x )2x 1当x 0, 4dx x 1x2 2x2 2xx

2

1

d(x )

1x2 1 c

1222x(x ) 2x lim

x 0

12

x2 1x

22

,