中国人民大学2007年语言学考研真题(2)
时间:2025-02-22
时间:2025-02-22
thesimplereasonthateverybodyusesiteveryday.Itisunbelievablethatweknowverylittleaboutsomethingwearesofamiliarwith.Justafewquestionswillarouseourinterestinlanguage.Whyshouldwecallthethingwesitonchair?Cantwecallchairtableandtablechair?Howisitthatchildrendontseemtomakeabigeffortinlearningtheirfirstlanguagewhileweadultshavetoworkveryhardtolearnasecondlanguage?Whycanwetalkaboutyesterdayandlastyearwhilecatsanddogsneverseemtomakenoisesabouttheirpastexperience?Doyouthinkwecanthinkasclearlywithoutlanguageaswithlanguage?Doeslanguagedeterminewhatwethinkorthoughtdetermineswhatwesay?Thesequestionsmakeuscuriousaboutlanguageandlinguisticscansatisfyourcuriosity.Toseektheanswertoanyofthesequestionsisagoodreasonforstudyinglinguistics
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illintheblankswiththerightlinguisticconcepts.(10points)Ⅰ.F
1.meaning(考查语言的区别性特征之一:任意性) 7.Chomsky(考查对语言习得机制的理解)2.Backformation(考查逆构词法的定义)
3.bound(考查粘着词素的定义及辨别)
4.Pragmatics(考查语用学和社会语言学的区别)
5.langue(考查语言和言语的概念及区别)
6.Quality(考查质量准则)
iveshortanswertothefollowingquestions.(10points)Ⅱ.G
1.Explaincriterionreferencedandnormreferencedlanguagetests.
思路提示
根据对考分的解释,语言学家将考试分类为标准参照考试(criterionreferenced)和常模参照考试(normreferenced)。标准参照考试根据一套明确规定的能力和目标技能解释考试的考试成绩。通过比较,决定考生是否达到标准,从而评估教育或训练计划的成败。常模参照考试将一个学生的行为(通常用分数表示)与参加同一次考试的其他学生的行为做比较,以区别每个考生成绩的高低或好坏。
参考答案
Acriterionreferencedtest(CRT)isatestwhichmeasuresastudentsperformanceaccordingtoaparticularstandardorcriterionwhichhasbeenagreedupon.Thestudentmustreachthislevelofperformancetopassthetest,andastudentsscoreisthereforeinterpretedwithreferencetothecriterionscore,ratherthantothescoresofotherstudents.(2.5points)
Anormreferencedtest(NRT)isatestwhichisdesignedtomeasurehowtheperformanceofaparticularstudentorgroupofstudentscompareswiththeperformanceofanotherstudentorgroupofstudentswhosescoresaregivenasthenorm.Astudentsscoreisthereforeinterpretedwithreferencetothescoresofotherstudentsorgroupsofstudents,ratherthantoanagreedcriterionscore.(25points)
2.Explaintheseventypesofmeaningandu …… 此处隐藏:179字,全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……