初中英语动词过去式变化规则
发布时间:2024-11-12
发布时间:2024-11-12
初中英语动词过去式变化规则
1、以 e结尾的情况:
e结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile--smiled; hope--hoped. ie结尾动词,直接加d: died;tied.
2、双辅音结尾的情况:
两个辅音字母(consonant)结尾的, 直接加ed: helped; learned.
3、两个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:
两个元音(vowels:a,e,i,o,u)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词,直接加ed: rained; heated.
4、一个元音+一个辅音结尾的情况:
一个元音(vowel)加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:
(1) 对单音节(one-syllable)单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed.
. stopped; planned;
(2) 对双音节(two-syllable)单词,如果重读在第一个音节处,不双写加ed. 如: visited(重读在vis前); offered(重读在of前);
(3) 对双音节(two-syllable)单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed. 如: preferred(重读在fer前); admitted(重读在mit前); referred; deferred;
[5] y结尾的情况:
元音+y结尾动词,直接加ed: played; enjoyed.
辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed: worried;studied.
5、把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
6、把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如: drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
7、改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如: draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
8、动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
9、动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如:
feed—fed,meet—met
10、动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如: keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
11、动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如: break—broke,speak—spoke
12、动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如: sell—sold,tell—told
13、动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如: stand—stood,understand—understood
14、以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如: bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
15、以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如: can—could,shall—should,will—would
16、把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如: come—came,become—became
17、在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如: hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕
18、动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕
19、不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
动词过去式的不规则变化要特殊记忆,可是其中也有规律可循:
1. 过去式和动词原形同形。如:
hit→hit hurt→hurt let→let cost→cost
read→read cut→cut put→put
2. 原形以-ow/-aw结尾的动词,其过去式形式大多以-ew结尾。如:
know→knew grow→grew
draw→drew throw→threw
3. 把动词原形中的元音字母i改为a来变成过去式形式。如:
sit→sat swim→swam give→gave
drink→drank ring→rang begin→ began
4. 把动词原形中的元音字母i改为o来变成其过去式形式。如:
ride→rode drive→drove write→wrote
win→won shine→shone
5. 一些动词的过去式以-ought结尾。如:
think→thought buy→bought
bring→brought fight→fought
6. 一些动词的过去式以-aught结尾。如:
teach→ taught catch→caught
7. 有些以-eep结尾的动词要把-eep改为-ept来变成其过去式形式。如:
keep→kept sweep→swept sleep→slept
8. 有些以-end结尾的动词要把 d改为t来变成其过去式形式。如:
lend→lent spend→spent send→sent
9. 在有些动词的词尾直接加t来变成其过去式形式。如: learn→learnt mean→meant burn→burnt
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