2014年职称英语考试卫生类A 补全短文

2014年卫生类职称英语考试A 补全短文

Leukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get, but it is still very rare. Leukemia involves the blood and blood-forming organs, such as the bone marrow. （1）

A kid with leukemia produces lots of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow. Usually, white blood cells fight infection, but the white blood cells in a person with leukemia don’t work the way they’re supposed to. （2） The abnormal white blood cells multiply out of control, filling the bone marrow and making it hard for enough normal, infection-fighting white blood cells to form. Other blood cells—such as red blood cells （that carry oxygen in the blood to the body’s tissues） and platelets （that allow blood to clot）—are also crowded out by the white blood cells of leukemia. These cancer cells may also move to other parts of the body, including the bloodstream, where they continue to multiply and build up.

Although leukemia can make kids sick, most of the time it is treatable, and kids get better. Almost all leukemia patients are treated with chemotherapy, which means using anti-cancer drugs.

（3） Chemotherapy quickly goes to work, traveling through the blood to the bone marrow. There, the drugs can attack the cancer cells. After several weeks of chemotherapy, many kids begin to feel better.

Some children with leukemia will also have radiation therapy, too. （4）

If the cancer isn’t getting better from usual amounts of chemotherapy and radiation, then a kid with leukemia Will probably need more treatment—with higher doses of chemotherapy and radiation to finally kill the cancer cells. But this heavy-duty treatment will also harm the normal cells in the kid’s bone marrow too, and the bone marrow will no longer be able to produce normal blood ceils. So, doctors will then give a kid—or anyone else with bone marrow that is no longer working—normal bone marrow tissue from someone else who is healthy. （5）

练习：

A. The chemotherapy drugs are given through a catheter, a narrow tube that is inserted into a blood vessel, sometimes in the kid’s upper chest.

B. Early symptoms of leukemia are often overlooked, since they may resemble symptoms of the flu or other common diseases.

C. This is a special procedure called a bone marrow transplant, and it helps the patient make new blood cells so they can recover from the leukemia.

D. Bone marrow is the innermost part of some bones where blood ceils are first made.

E. They don’t protect the person from infections very well.

F. Radiation therapy uses invisible high-energy waves （similar to X-rays） to kill cancerous cells. 练习答案：1.D 2.E 3.A 4.F 5.C

＋第十二篇More Efforts Urged to Empower Women at AIDS Conference1

Prevention is a central issue being discussed at the sixteenth International AIDS Conference in Toronto, Canada. Twenty-four thousand delegates are at the conference which ends Friday.

Bill and Melinda Gates2 called for3 faster research to, develop preventions like microbicidest for women to use when they have sex.___1___Melinda Gates said the way to “change this epidemic” is to put power in the hands of women5. In southern Africa, for example, about sixty percent of adults living with HIV6; are women. Bill Gates said women today often have no choice but to depend on men not to infect them. “A woman should never need her partner's permission to

save her own life,” he said as the conference opened Sunday.___2___

On Monday, former President Bill Clinton said more people would get tested for HIV if an aggressive effort took place to fight the stigma. But reducing fears of social rejection is not enough.___3___

Researchers at the conference presented the results of a new study of HIV testing. It involved more than one hundred thousand people tested in California last year. Some received a quick test, with results in about twenty minutes. The others received a test that is more commonly used; the result takes two weeks. The researchers say twenty-five percent of the people who had the longer test did not return to learn the results. ___4___George Lemp of the University of California led the study. He says quick tests could be especially important in developing countries with limited transportation.

Speakers at the AIDS conference also discussed high rates of new HIV infections among black Americans. Julian Bond is chairman of the NAACP7, a leading civil rights group.

___5___Public health officials say half of all new HIV infections in the United States are in blacks. African-American delegates at the conference said they will prepare a five-year plan to reduce infection rates and increase testing.

练习：

A .The chairman said African-Americans must, in his words, “face the fact that AIDS has become a black disease.”

B. Mr. Clinton said people also need a guarantee they would get medicine to suppress the virus.

C. Delegates at the conference have worked out an action plan to fight the wide spread of this terrible disease all over the world.

D. They hoped that such products could protect against infection with the virus that causes AIDS. E. The world's richest man said “stopping AIDS”is the top priority of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

F. But that was true of only two percent of those who had the quick test.

参考答案：1.D 2.E 3.B 4.F 5.A

＋第十三篇What Is Insulin-dependent Diabetes?

When you eat, your body, takes the sugar from food and turns it into fuel. _____(1)_____ Your body uses glucose for energy, so it can do everything from breathing air to playing a video game. But glucose can’t be used by the body on its own—it needs a hormone called insulin to bring it into the cells of the body.

Most people get the insulin they need from the pancr …… 此处隐藏：13314字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……