语言学试题与答案(7)
时间:2025-07-11
时间:2025-07-11
胡壮麟
35. Polysemy: Polysemy refers to the fact that the same one word may have more than
one meaning.
36. Homonymy: Homonymy refers to the phenomenon that words having different
meanings have the same form, i.e. different words are identical in sound or
spelling, or in both.
37. Homophones: When two words are identical in sound, they are called
homophones.
38. Homographs: When two words are identical in spelling, they are homographs.
39. Complete homonyms: When two words are identical in both sound and spelling,
they are called complete homonyms.
40. Hyponymy: Hyponymy refers to the sense relation between a more general, more
inclusive word and a more specific word.
41. Antonymy: Antonymy refers to the relation of oppositeness of meaning.
42. Componential analysis: Componential analysis is a way to analyze word meaning.
It was proposed by structural semanticists. The approach is based on the belief
that the meaning of a word can be divided into meaning components, which are called semantic features.
43. The grammatical meaning: The grammatical meaning of a sentence refers to its
grammaticality, i.e. its grammatical well-formedness. The grammaticality of a
sentence is governed by the grammatical rules of the language.
44. Predication: The predication is the abstraction of the meaning of a sentence.
45. Argument: An argument is a logical participant in a predication. It is generally
identical with the nominal element (s) in a sentence.
46. Predicate: A predicate is something that is said about an argument or it states the
logical relation linking the arguments in a sentence.
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