英美概况 考试重点 (中英) 英国部分

概况Land and People

一Different Names for Britain and Its Parts英国的不同名称及其各组成部分

1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England地理名称:不列颠群岛，大不 列颠和英格兰。

2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.官方正式名称:人不 列颠及北爱尔兰联合土国。

3.The British Isles are made up of two large Islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small one二不列颠群岛由两个大岛一人不列颠岛(较人的一个)和爱尔兰岛，及 成干上万个小岛组成。

4.Three political divisions on the Island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.人不列颇岛

上有三个政治区:英格兰、苏格兰和威尔十。

(1) England Is In the southern part of Great Britain. It一:the largest, most populous section.英格 兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最人，人口最稠密的地区.

(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands In the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部.它有 三大自然区:北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵.首府:爱丁堡.

(3) Wales Is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff威尔+位于人不列颠的西部.首府:加 的夫

(4) Northern Ireland Is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域. 首府:贝尔法斯特.

5.The Commonwealth呢of nations) Is a tree association of Independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991英联邦是曾 为英国殖民地的、但现已独立国家所构成的自由联合休.它成立于1931年，至1990年止 已有50个成员国.

一‘eographical Features英国的地理特征

1.Geographical position of Britain英国的地埋位置:Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.英国是一个岛 国.它位于人西洋北部，与欧洲人陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将 它与欧洲其它部分隔开.

2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地

川.Rivers and Lakes河流与湖泊

Ben Nevis一:the highest mountain一。Britain (1,343m).木尼维斯di为英N最高峰，海拔1,34」米.

Severn River is the一。ngest river In Britain (338km，一塞文河是英国最长的河流。全长iL公里.

Thames River is the second一。ngest and most Important river In Britain. (336km)泰桥十河是英国

第二人河，也是英国最重要的河.全长336公里.Lough Neagh Is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland. (396 square kilometres)呐湖(内伊湖)是英国最人的湖，位于

北爱尔兰.面积为396平方公里.River Clyde is the most important river in Scotland.克莱Mvi 是苏格兰最重要的河流.Snowdon)。Is the highest mountal。In Wales. (1,085m)斯诺多尼亚 是威尔十的最高点，海拔1.085米.

IV.The People人口

1.population distribution人口分布:Britain has a population of about 57 millions and it is very uneven卜distributed. 90% of the population Is urban and only 10% Is rural. The population of Britain Is made up main份of the English (81.5%), the Scottish (9.6%), the Welsh (1.9%), the Irish (2.4%), the Northern Irish (1.8%) and other peoples (2.8%).英国人口约5加万，分布极不均匀， 90%是城市人口，只有10%是农村人口。英国人口组成为:英格兰人((81.5%)，苏格兰人((9.6%), 威尔十人(1.9%)，爱尔兰人、北爱尔兰人和其他民族居民.

2.The difference between the ancestors of the English and Scots, Welsh and Irish:英伦三岛民族 的祖先: The ancestors of the English are Anglo-Saxons, the Scots, Welsh and Irish are Celts.英格 兰人祖先属于盎格鲁一萨克进人，而苏格兰、威尔十和爱尔兰人属于凯尔特人.

4.The difference in speech between southern England and northern England:英格兰南方人和北 方人语言上的差别:Southerners speak the type of English close to BBC English; In northern England, regional speech Is usually "broader' than that of southern England南方人讲的英语接 近BBC，北英格兰人的发音通常要比南英格兰人宽.

5.The main problem in Northern Ireland:北爱尔兰存在的主要问匙:The fight between the

Protestants who are the dominant group, and the Roman Catholics, who are seeking more social, political and economic opportunities.作为统治者的新教徒和要求更多社会、政治及经济权利 的罗马天主教徒之间的斗争.

历史

一The Origins of a Nation (5000BC-1066)英国的起源(公元前，000年一106‘年) I. Early Settlers (S000BC-SSBC)旱期的居民(公元前5000年一公元前，5年)

一Roman Britain (SSBC-410AD)罗马人统治时期的英国(公元前，，年一410年)

川The Anglo-Saxons (446-871)盎格鲁一撤克进人(公元446-871年)(莫定了英国的基础) IV. Viking and Danish invasions北欧海盔和Pf麦人阴入侵

1. The Invaders were the Norwegians and the Danes. They attacked various parts of England from the end of the 8th century.入侵者是挪威人和丹麦人，从8世纪末开始，他们不断袭击英格 兰的各个地方。

2. King Alfred (849-899) and his contribution，艾尔弗市德臼王

V. The Norman Conquest (1066)诺曼征服(公元1066年)

1. William' s Invasion of England after Edward' s death.威廉在爱德华死后 …… 此处隐藏：24574字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……