Book1 unit4

一、fast reading Structure of the news report :

1.Clue ( 线索 ) of the story: Time order: Before~during~after the earthquake

找出每段的中心

Para.1 Some strange things happened before the earthquake.

Para.2 The world was at an end. The earthquake hit the city.

Para.3 The damage of the city in the earthquake

Para.4 The rescue to the city

2.分段并概括

Para.1 Strange things were happening before the earthquake, but no one took

any notice of them.

Part2-3.The earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan and shocked

the people very much.

part 4.The army came to help the survivors（生还者）,bringing hope for a new life.

二、Careful reading

1.What happened before the earthquake?

2.Fill in the blanks

Main Idea

signs

before

Earthquake

Para.1 Details 1.________ things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei. 2.The water in the wells ____ and ______. 3.A _______ gas came out of the cracks. 4.The chickens and pigs were too ________to _____.

5.Fish ________out of the bowls and ponds.

6.Mice _____ out of the fields.

7.At ______ am on July 28, 1976, people saw ________ _______ in the sky.

Damage

caused by

earthquake

Para. 2-3

1.At _____ am, the __________ earthquake of the 20 century began . 2._______ burst from holes in the ground. 3.Hard hills of the rock became rivers of ____. 4.________ covered the ground like red autumn leaves. th

5. Two _______ and most of the bridges fell.

6. The railway tracks were now _________pieces of _______.

7.______ now filled the wells instead of water.

8.Water,food,and ______________ were hard to get.

3.Para. 2-3 Data(数据)

of the nation felt the earthquake .

2.A huge crack that was kilometres long and metres wide cut across houses.

3.In 4. of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.

5.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 6.All of the city’s hospitals, of its

homes were gone.

4.Fill in the blank with proper words

There was a big _______ in Tangshan in 1976. Before the earthquake, the water in the

village wells ____ and fell. The animals were too ____ to eat. But the people didn’t know about it.

At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. In fifteen terrible seconds, the large city lay

in_____. More than _____ people were killed or injured.

Then later that afternoon, _____big earthquake shook Tangshan . But all hope was not

____,because soldiers came to help those_______.

1.答案：Strange;rose;fell;smelly;nervous;eat;jumped;ran;3:00;bright; lights

2..答案：3:42； greatest；Steam；dirt；Bricks；dams；useless；steel；Sand；electricity

3..答案：1/3；8；30；15；2/3；400,000；75%；90%

4..答案：earthquake；rose；nervous；ruins；400,000；another；lost；survivors

5.True ( T )or false( F ) statement :

1. Two-thirds of the nation felt the earthquake. ( )

2. All the people in Tangshan were dead or injured during the earthquake. ( )

3.All of the city’s hospitals, factories, buildings and homes were damaged in the

earthquake.( )

4.After the second earthquake, everyone including the rescue workers and doctors were died

( )

5. Later that afternoon, a terrible earthquake shook Tangshan again. ( )

6. People slept outdoors after the earthquake.( )

6.Choose the best answer.

(1)What is the mood of this passage?

A.Sad. B.Serious. C.Serious and a bit sad. D.Calm

(2)What can be inferred form the passage?

A.If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide,there must be an earthquake.

B.If some natural signs had not been ignored,all the people in Tangshan city might have had a

chance to survive.

C.There wouldn't have been such a great earthquake,if people had paid enough atten-tion to

some natural signs.

D.If some natural signs had not been ignored,more people might have had a chance to survive.

(3)Which of the following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of

life in Tangshan earthquake?

A.The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very

movement.

B.There weren't enough rescue workers.

C.The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earth-quake.

D.People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.

三.课文全解全析Language points

1. imagine:想象 imagine doing sth. ;

E.g. 他经常想象在空中飞。

.

2.*rise和raise的区别：

rise vi. 指继续上升，常用于日，月，云，雾，烟， 物价，温度，

河水，潮水及人的职位等。

raise vt. 表示举起，提出，提升，提高（例如水平等级，程度等）

种植，饲养。

e.g. 1）Everyone knows the sun _______in the east.

2) The people’s living standard has greatly been_______.

3) They can _________ rice here.

4) Her temperature is still__________.

5) He ______a family in that village.

6) The builders _____the ceiling inches. (建筑工人把

天花板升高了六英寸)

risen

3. burst（burst –burst）爆裂; 爆发

burst out + doing 突然做…

E.g. burst out laughing/crying.=burst into laughter/laughing. 她一听到这悲伤的消息，就失声痛哭。

4. think of 想起，考虑;

think little of 不注意、不重视 ;

think highly of 重视

人们对雷锋的评价很高。 People

周总理在中国深受好评。 Premier Zhou

5. hurt/ wound/harm/injure

1.His words ______her feelings.

2.It ______the eyes to read in the sun.

3.More than 200 people were _________in the car accident.

4.The soldiers were __________-in the battle.

6.

1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though

E.g She spoke to me as if she knew me.

4）at an end (=finished) 结束; 终结

E.g 战争结束了。

at the end of 在……尽头，在……末

E.g

Go straight and you’ll find the hospital at the end of the road.

by the end of 直到…末,到…结束时，主句一般用完成时

E.g

到1980年底, 他已完成了他的巨著。

in the end 最后、终于 E.g In the end we found the house

7. *away表示空间上的隔开，也可以表示时间上的距离。

e.g. (1) Her birthday is four days away

(2) His village is five miles ______from here.

A. far B. away C.. far away D. farther

8.请根据提示完成下列句子。

1. ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ______

(be) girls.

2. _________ (五分之三) of the soil __________ (wash) away

by the flood last night.

3. ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make)

in his company.

4. ______ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday

______ (be) interesting.

5. _________________ (数万) people _____________ (dance)

in the big square now.

6. There were ____________ (一万) students taking part in

the exam yesterday.

7. _________________ (百分之九十) of the mountain

__________ (cover) by trees.

答案9. Then,later that afternoon, another big quake which was

almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下

午晚些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震在唐山爆

发了。

归纳总结：本句的 as strong as the first one属于“as...as”

结构，两个as的词性不一样，所以它们后面所跟的结构亦

不一样。第一个as是副词，所以后面跟的是形容词或副词

的 原级 ，第二个as是连词，所以后面常跟名词、代词或

从句。其否定形式为 not as/so...as ,意为“ 不

如 ”。

注意（1）第一个as是副词，如果后面接单数名词，要用

“as+adj.+a/an+n.+as...”结构。

John is as kind a student as me.约翰和我一样是个心地善良

的学生

（2）as...as用来表示倍数的结构为“A is...times as...as B”，

意为“A是B的几倍……”。

This playground is three times as big as that one.这个操场是

那个操场的三倍大。

典例体验

He doesn’他的

英语说得不如你流利。

I got my father did this morning.今

天早上我和父亲起得一样早。

as/so fluently as ； as early as

即学即用

（1）It is reported that the US uses energy as the

whole of Europe.

A.as twice

as much

（2）Exercise is as any other to lose unwanted weight.



A.so useful a way B.as a useful wayC.as useful a way

D.such a useful way

15 Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped

under the ruins. 有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟中

@rescue vt. 援救;营救 rescue sb from sb/sth

解放军战士从即将倒塌的房子中救出了那位老太

The PLA man rescued the old lady from the falling house.

@trap (trapped,trapped) n.陷阱，圈套vt. 使受限制(困)于;

诱骗

The car was trapped in the deep snow

16. All hopes was not lost.并没有丧失所有希望。

= Not all hope was lost.

该句为不完全否定，也可称之为部分否定。*all…not…= not

all …, some but not all 一些,但不是全部；当not与all, every,

everyone, everything, both连用时，皆表示不完全的否定。

B.twice much C.twice much as D.twice

e.g. 1）Not all the girls left.(=Only some of them left.)

2) Not all the children are noisy.(= Some of the children

are not noisy.)

3）闪光的并不都是金子。Not all glitter is gold

4）并不是人人都在。Not all people are here

*no, none, no one, neither 表示全部的否定。

*对两者以上的全部否定应用none of,其后的谓语动词既可

以用单数也可以用复数形式，如：

(1)None of us were allowed to go there. 我们二人都不准去

那里。

(2)None of these reports is very helpful. 这两份报告都没有

用

*either表示“（两者中）任何一个”，any表示“（三者或三

者以上中的）任何一个”。

17. The army organized teams to dig out those who were

trapped and to bury the dead.

部队组织人员挖出被困者，掩埋死者。

the dead意为“死者 ”。“the+形容词”常表示一类人，作主

语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。

Tell the meanings of the following phrases and sentences:

(1) the old and the sick (2)the blind (3)the impossible

(4)The rich are not always happy.

18. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had

been destroyed.

工人们为那些家园遭受破坏的幸存者建了住所。

是定语从句。whose homes had been destroyed关系代词

whose引导定语从句时， whose在从句中充当定语，whose

指人，也可指物

19. Sand now filled the wells instead of water.

*instead of 代替,而不是,后接名词，动词，动名词 等，但不

能接句子）

*instead是副词，在句中单独作状语，置于句首时，意为“相

反地”

(1)Judy didn’t answer. _________, she looked out of the taxi

window.

A. But B. However C. Instead D. And

(2)It’s me that should ask you instead of you _____me.

A. ask B. asked C. to ask D. asking

(3)He studies in the evening instead ________the day.

A. / B. of C. of during D. of on ( cdb)

品味构词

1.利用派生法，品句填词

(1)The of the island is by the

unwise .(govern)

(2)—Do you know why the May 4th broke out?

—Sorry,I don’t know.Because at that time my family from Beijing to Hong Kong.(move)

(3)The news caused great among her friends when

she told them .(excite)

1.Government；governed；governor；2.Movement；moved；

3.exciting；excitement；excitedly

(4) useless adj. 无用的，无价值的 “less” 否定后缀， “没

有…的” ，“无……的”

其一般的组词结构：名词+less →形容词

例如：childless 没有儿女的 ;harmless 没有害处的 ;

countless 数不清的

特例：priceless 是无价的，贵重的

补充词汇

Dig v 挖- dig out sth. =dig sth. out 把……（从……）挖出

来 to dig the car out of the snow

shelter n. 庇护所 take … for shelter

In the storm I took a tree for shelter.

V. shelter (from)

These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.这种植

物必须遮蔽，免受日光照射。

survivor n. [C] 幸存者 survive vt. 幸存

Few people survived the fire. 这次火灾没有几人幸免于难。

To the east of 在…东边,不接壤

In the east of 在…东边,在其里面

On the east of 在…东边,与其接壤

1.Japan lies _____ the east of China.

2. Canada is _______ the north of American.

3. Qingdao lies _____the east of Shangdong province.

破坏destroy

e.g. .Everywhere they looked neary everything

_________(destroy).

表示情感的动词 excite 兴奋

surprise,interest,bore,move, shock,disappoint,satisfy,

(惊讶，兴趣， 乏味，感动 失望‘ 满意）变为形容词时可

加ing(指物）或加ed (指人）

judge 法官 判断，判定

judge by 以…来判断,以…来看 Don’t judge a man by

his clothes.

judge from…从…看,根据…可以看出. Judge from what he

said, he must be an honest man.

judge of 判断,评价 I am no judging of food.

Prepare vt. 准备 Preparation n.

prepare +n. 直接做….

prepare for doing sth/ sth 为.. 做准备

prepare to do sth准备去做….

honor an honor person

show honor to sb 对 表示敬意 have

the honor to do sth 很荣幸地

in honor of /in one’s honor 为 纪念，以 名义 on one’s

honor 以 名誉担保

自主检测 Ⅰ.品句填词

1.The fish must go bad,for it is s .

2.The two countries were separated by a c . 

3.Water can be turned into s when heated.

4.After the earthquake,the whole city was in r .

5.An accident happened.Luckily,nobody was i .

6.There was no s in the air crash.

7.The workers made great efforts to r the people

who were trapped underground.

8.Because of the global warming,there are more and more

natural d .

9.The students in our school have o many clubs for

themselves.

10.The air in the countryside is muc f than that in the

city.

答案：smelly ；canal; steam ; ruins ; injured; survivor;

rescue; disasters; organized ; fresher

短语运用。

Many fire-fighters were sent to _________ the tourists

_________ the flood.

A great meeting was held in the Great hall _______________

those who died for our country.

Don’t worry; the medicine was _________ your child’s

________.

News came that the terrible earthquake had left the whole

city __________.

The manager _____________ my suggestion, which made me

very disappointed.

The villagers were glad that the disaster ____________.

At the news of her son’s death, the poor woman

______________.

On hearing the telephone from his home, he left the office

____________.

The meeting was so important that _____________ parents

attended it.

It is said that the little girl _______________ the burning

house, which worried he parents.

三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

Most people protect themselves from _________ to their

self-esteem, for they think if their self-esteem was _________

greatly, they will feel _________. (injure)

_______ from the result, the ________ of the match must

have controlled the match quite well. Do you agree with my

_________? (judge)

The __________ felt happy that they were able to _________

the accident and joked that it was because the __________ of

the fittest. (survive)

They sell all kinds of _________ equipment and appliance.

(electricity)

This is a non-profit ___________ that was founded in the

1980s to improve women’s position in the workplace.

(organize)

四、.完成句子

1.Death finally (结

束了她的痛苦).

2.They (避雨)

under a big tree. 

3.He (被评为) the best

actorof this year. 

4.The foreign visitors (非常高兴

有机会) to visit the Great Wall.

5.—What a noise!I can hardly stand it.—It (好像他们在开晚会) next door.

6. (无论他们在哪儿出现),they

met with strong protests.

7. (在城镇的北边) stood a

leaning tower in the past.

8.A memorial meeting was held (为了纪

念这位伟大的作家).

9. (有三分之二的人伤亡) during theWenchuan

earthquake. 

10.But the one million people of the city, (对这些征兆满不在乎),went to bed as usual that night.

答案：1.brought an end to her suffering ; 2.took shelter

from rain

3.was judged to be ; 4.are only too glad