基于FPGA的FSK调制解器器设计

摘要

以往的移频键控调制解调器采用“固定功能集成电路+连线”方式设计，集

成块多，连线复杂，容易出错，且体积较大。为解决上述问题，本文在EDA技

术开发平台MAX+plus II上设计实现了一种新型的2FSK信号调制解调器,利用m

序列的随机性和确定性来产生输入基带信号,用分频器把时钟信号分频成两个不

同频率的信号。详细介绍了基于FPGA的2FSK信号发生器的设计方法,提供了

VHDL源代码在MAX+plus II环境下的仿真结果。本设计采用的是Lattice公司

的 FPGA 芯片，它有效地缩小了系统的体积，降低了成本，且电路简洁，增加

了系统的可靠性。由于所用的器件在信号处理过程中有一定的延迟，所以不可避

免的出现信号失真。这在实际应用中也是不可避免的。采用更好的调制解调方法

和改进器件的信号处理速度可以使信号延迟得到改善。

关键字：现场可编程门阵列 移频键控 调制解调器 可移植性

Abstract

The method of integrated circuits of fixed function with lines had been adopted,

but there are many integrated units, cmplicated lines, large volume in this

system ,which makes errors easily. To resolve the problem, I design and achieve a

new FSK modem based on EDA technology development platforms of MAX+plus

II,and use pseu-do-random sequence to generate the importation of base-band

signal,with crossover frequency of the clock signal into two different frequency

signals.Provided details on the FPGA-based FSK signal generator design and

simulation results with VHDL source code provided in the MAX+plus II environment.

Because those devices used in the system always delay during the signal processing

process, it is inevitable that the signal would be distortion. It is also inevitable in the

practical application. In order to improve the system, using better modulation methods

and improving the signal processing speed of the devices are helpful.

Keywords: FPGA FSK Modem Portability

基于FPGA的FSK调制解器器设计

目录

第一章 绪 论.................................................................................................... 1

1.1 课题背景及本文研究意义 .................................................................... 1

1.2 FSK应用现状[4] ........................................................................................ 2

1.2.1蓝牙(Bluetooth)通信设备 ............................................................ 3

1.2.2医学植入微电子器件 .................................................................. 3

1.2.3低速调制解调器[5] ....................................................................... 3

1.2.4铁路信号控制系统中的移频自动闭塞系统[6] ........................... 3

1.2.5便携式消费电子 .......................................................................... 4

1.3 本文内容 ................................................................................................ 4

第二章 FPGA的设计基础 .................................................................................... 5

2.1 FPGA简介 ................................................................................................ 5

2.2 EDA设计平台选择 .................................................................................. 6

2.2.1 设计输入 ..................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 项目编译 ..................................................................................... 6

2.2.3 项目校验 ..................................................................................... 7

2.2.4 器件编程 ..................................................................................... 7

2.3硬件描述语言的选择 ............................................................................. 7

第三章 系统方案设计........................................................................................ 10

3.1系统的性能指标 ................................................................................... 10

3.2系统实现原理 ....................................................................................... 10

3.3 2FSK若干种调制方式比较 ................................................................ 12

3.3.1用小逻辑器件实现 .................................................................... 12

3.3.2 用2ASK的调制方案来实现2FSK调制 ................................... 13

3.3.3 用可编程逻辑器件设计2FSK调制器 ...................................... 14

3.3.4 几种方案的性能比较 ............................................................... 15

3.4 调制系统的设计 .................................................................................. 15

3.5 解调系统的设计 .................................................................................. 19

第四章 软件设计及仿真.................................................................................... 20

4.1 2FSK调制程序及仿真图 ....................................................................... 20

4.1.1 2FSK调制VHDL程序 .............................................................. 20

4.1.2 2FSK调制仿真图及注释 ......................................................... 22

4.2 2FSK解调程序及仿真图 ....................................................................... 23

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