一般现在时(do) 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况 一般过去时(did) 表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态 一般将来时(shall/will/be going to do) 主要表示将来发生的动作或情况，常与tomorrow, tonight, next week, in the future, in half an hour/two hours等状语连用，也可以和when, while引导 的状语从句连用 一般过去将来时(would do) 从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态

现在进行时(am/is/are done)

表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情 ; 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时 动作未必正在进行 ;表将来；与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生 的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主 观色彩。 过去进行时(was/were doing)在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续 进行的动作

现在完成时(has/have done) 之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和 现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去 但它的影 响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或 状态 过去完成时(had done) 表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的某种影响或 结果，用来指定在另一个过去行动之前就已经完 成了的一个事件。过去某动作一直持续到现在将 来可能还要延续下去

现在完成进行时(has/have been doing) 现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直 延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去 过去完成进行时(had been doing) 在过去某时之前看来将来某时应该已经完成并且还要延 续下去的动作

被动语态的构成一般现在时：am/is/are+p.p. (done) 一般过去时：was/were+p.p. (done) will/shall be+p.p. (done) 一般将来时： am/is/are going to be + p.p. (done) am/is/are to be +p.p. (done) 过去将来时:would/should be+p.p.(done) 现在进行时: am/is/are being+p.p.(done) 过去进行时： was / were + p.p. (done) 现在完成时：have/has been+p.p. (done) 过去完成时：had been + p.p. (done)

Check the answers: 1.Your children will be taken care of when you are off. 2.The foreign friends will be given a warm welcome. A warm welcome will be given to the foreign friends. 3.How many athletes will be sent to take part in the 2008 Olympic Games?

4.He was laughed at for the foolish mistake. 5.All these things are to be answered in the future. 6.The students were given some advice.

Some advice was given to the students. 7. It is known that he is teacher. He is known to be a teacher.

8.He wants to find a job in a factory which is still being built. 9.Can such a thing be prevented from happening again? 10.By the end of last year, another new stadium had been built in Beijing. 1

1.A new plan is not being discussed now.

12.The naughty son was always being scolded by his father. 13.He is not here. He must be being examined (by the doctor). 表猜测的被动：一定在做某事 must be doing sth. sth. must be being done

It is said that… 据说 It is reported that…据报道 It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望 It is well known that…众所周知 All of us know that the Great Wall is one of the cultural relics. It is known that the Great Wall is one of the cultural relics. The Great Wall is known to be one of the cultural relics.

情态动词+be+p.p.(done)can / could / may / might / must / should / ought to / have to + be + p.p. (done) I can finish the work. The work can be finished by me. Can the work be finished by you?

被动语态的特殊结构形式

have/get sth. done=ask sb. to do sth.

have a hair cut have my bike repaired ………..

get + p.p. = be + p.p. The thief got caught yesterday. 那个贼昨天被抓了。 Be careful, or you’ll get hurt. 小心，否则你会受伤。

smell/taste/feel等感觉动词和系动词不 需要用被动。 The water feel very cold.

Correct the sentences (改错): 1.His mother gave him a present . to A present was given him by his mother. 2.Someone caught the boy smoking . The boy was caught smoke. smoking 3.The teacher has made us work hard. We have been made work hard. to 4.We are to put off the meeting till Friday. The meeting is to be put till Friday. off 5.I need to repair the to house. need + doing = need be done. The house needs repairing.