全国自考《英语词汇学》复习资料第二章(3)

全国自考《英语词汇学》复习资料第二章

more words are created by means of word-formation.

in modern English， word endings were mostly lost with just a few exceptions English has evolved from a synthetic language to the present analytic language.

science and technology terms make up about 45% of new words. words associated with life-style constitute of 24% and social and economic terms amount to over 10% .

mention should be made of an opposite process of development i.e. old words falling out if use.

特点： ending are almost lost.

3. Three main sources new words

1.The rapid development of modern science and technology

2.Social， economic and political changes

3.The influence of other cultures and languages

4. Three modes of vocabulary development

1. Creation – the formation of new words by using the existing materials， namely roots， affixes and other elements. (This is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.)

2. Semantic change - an old form which take on a new meaning to meet the new need.

3. Borrowing – to take in words from other languages.(particularly in earlier time)

4. (Reviving archaic or obsolete)

French 30%， Latin 8%， Japanese Italian 7%， Spanish 6%， German Greek 5%， Russian Yiddish 4%

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