高考英语写作指导-造句的两大技巧

写作时要吸引读者的兴趣，句子就需生动、充满活力。平淡无味的句子会使人生厌，注意力分散。但要写出生动的句子就必须注意做到：

1.交错使用长短句 长句和短句各有各的特点，各有各的用场。长句结构复杂、容量大，能表达比较复杂的内容，叙事具体、说理严密。短句结构简单、短小精悍、明白易懂。在写作中应当交错使用长句和短句，使句子的长短多样化，增加语言的表现力。请看下面的一段话：

It is better to trust to valour than to luck. 靠运气不如靠勇气。 I returned to my room. There was a note under my door. It was from Bob. He said he was in the town looking for a job. He hadn't found anything yet. He added that he was sorry to have missed me.

这里出现的是一连串的短句，读起来使人感到单调乏味，而且各句之间所固有的逻辑关系没能用句法手段表达出来。为了使文字更为生动，意义更加明确，可做如下改动：

When I returned to my room, I found a note from Bob under the door. He said he was in the town looking for a job, but hadn’t found anything yet. He added that he was sorry to have missed me.

2.灵活使用多样句式

要达到语言的生动性，写作时就要经常地变换句型和句子结构及表达思想的方式。切忌所有的句子都用相同的句型或句子结构，使文章读起来单调乏味。

在考虑英语句式的变化时, 我们一般从以下几个方面入手:

(1) 既可以用主动式也可以用被动式, 例如:

例1：Today, we use machines not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well.

Today machines are widely used not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well.

例2：Some people believe that it will be possible for automatic machines to replace completely in the future.

It is believed by some people that it will be possible for automatic machines to replace completely in the future.

(2) 既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式, 例如:

例1： I shall go there unless it rains.