The simplescalar tool set, version 2.0(3)

under Contract DABT63-95-C-0127 and ARPA order no. D346. The current support for this work comes from a variety of sources, all of to which we are indebted.

FORTRANC

Simulator source(RESULTS

executablesPrecompiled SSbinaries (test, SPEC95)

Figure 1. SimpleScalar tool set overview

version of GCC, which generates SimpleScalar assembly. TheSimpleScalar assembler and loader, along with the necessaryported libraries, produce SimpleScalar executables that can thenbe fed directly into one of the provided simulators. (The simula-tors themselves are compiled with the host platform’s nativecompiler; any ANSI C compiler will do).

If you use the precompiled SPEC95 binaries or the precom-piled test programs, all you have to install is the simulator sourceitself. If you wish to compile your own benchmarks, you willhave to install and build the GCC tree and optionally (recom-mended) the GNU binutils. If you wish to modify the supportlibraries, you will have to install, modify, and build the glibcsource as well.

The SimpleScalar architecture, like the MIPS architecture [4],supports both big-endian and little-endian executables. The toolset supports compilation for either of these targets; the names forthe big-endian and little-endian architecture aressbig-na-sstrixandsslittle-na-sstrix, respectively. You should use the targetendian-ness that matches your host platform; the simulators maynot work correctly if you force the compiler to provide cross-endian support. To determine which endian your host uses, runtheendian program located in thesimplesim-2.0/ direc-tory. For simplicity, the following instructions will assume a big-endian installation. In the following instructions, we will refer tothe directory in which you are installing SimpleScalar as$IDIR/.

The simulators come equipped with their own loader, andthus you do not need to build the GNU binary utilities to run sim-ulations. However, many of these utilities are useful, and we rec-ommend that you install them. If desired, build the GNU binaryutilities1:

cd $IDIR/binutils-2.5.2

configure --host=$HOST --target=ssbig-na-sstrix --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --pre-fix=$IDIR

make

make install

$HOST here is a “canonical con guration” string that representsyour host architecture and system (CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM).The string for a Sparcstation running SunOS would be sparc-sun-sunos4.1.3, running Solaris: sparc-sun-solaris2, a 386 runningSolaris: i386-sun-solaris2.4, etc. A complete list of supported$HOST strings resides in$IDIR/gcc-2.6.3/INSTALL.This installation will create the needed directories in$IDIR(these includebin/,lib/,include/, andman/). Once thebinutils have been built, build the simulators themselves. This isnecessary to do before building GCC, since one of the binaries isneeded for the cross-compiler build. You should edit$IDIR/simplesim-2.0/Makefile to use the desired compile ags(e.g., the correct optimization level). To use the GNU BFDloader instead of the custom loader in the simulators, uncomment-DBFD_LOADER in the Make le. To build the simulators:

cd $IDIR/simplesim-2.0make

If desired, build the compiler:

cd $IDIR/gcc-2.6.3

configure --host=$HOST --target=ssbig-na-sstrix --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --pre-fix=$IDIRmake LANGUAGES=c

../simplesim-2.0/sim-safe ./enquire -f >!

float.h-crossmake install

1. You must have GNU Make to do the majority of installations describedin this document. To check if you have the GNU version, execute “make -v” or “gmake -v”. The GNU version understands this switch and displaysversion information.

We provide pre-built copies of the necessary libraries inssbig-na-sstrix/lib/, so you do not need to build the code inglibc-1.09, unless you change the library code. Building theselibraries is tricky, and we do not recommend it unless you have aspeci c need to do so. In that event, to build the libraries:

cd $IDIR/glibc-1.09

configure --prefix=$IDIR/ssbig-na-sstrix

ssbig-na-sstrix

under Contract DABT63-95-C-0127 and ARPA order no. D346. The current support for this work comes from a variety of sources, all of to which we are indebted.

setenv CC $IDIR/bin/ssbig-na-sstrix-gccunsetenv TZ

unsetenv MACHINEmake

make install

Note that you must have already built the SimpleScalar simula-tors to build this library, since the glibc build requires a compiledsimulator to test target machine-speci c parameters such asendian-ness.

If you have FORTRAN benchmarks, you will need to buildf2c:

cd $IDIR/f2c-1994.09.27make

make install

The entire tool set should now be ready for use. We provide pre-compiled test binaries (big- and little-endian) and their sources in$IDIR/simplesim2.0/tests). To run a test:

cd $IDIR/simplesim-2.0

sim-safe tests/bin.big/test-math

description of each. Both the number and the semantics of theregisters are identical to those in the MIPS-IV ISA.

In Figure3, we depict the three instruction encodings of Sim-pleScalar instructions:register,immediate, andjump formats. Allinstructions are 64 bits in length.

The register format is used for computational instructions.The immediate format supports the inclusion of a 16-bit constant.The jump format supports speci cation of 24-bit jump targets.The register elds are all 8 bits, to support extension of the archi-tected registers to 256 integer and oating point registers. Eachinstruction format has a xed-location, 16-bit opcode eld thatfacilitates fast instruction decoding.

Theannote eld is a 16-bit eld that can be modi ed post-compile, with annotations to instructions in the assembly les.The annotation interface is useful for synthesizing new instruc-tions without having to change and recompile …… 此处隐藏：7162字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……