基于摆动式单波束微地形探测的高程异常值剔除算法研究

第23卷 第7期 2009年7月

电子测量与仪器学报 Vol. 23 No. 7

· 17 ·

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT

基于摆动式单波束微地形探测的高程异常

值剔除算法研究*

罗柏文1 夏毅敏2 卜英勇2 周知进1

(1. 湖南科技大学机电工程学院, 湘潭 411201; 2. 中南大学机电工程学院, 长沙 410083)

摘 要: 针对摆动式单波束探测水下微地形出现的高程异常值, 提出一种剔除异常值的新算法。首先根据摆动式单波束的探测原理以及与多波束探测的等价性采用数据加窗法, 其中Z方向窗口尺寸通过3 准则确定, X、Y方向窗口尺寸依据地形变化坡度小于45o的经验准则。然后利用反射回波与散射回波在能量上的差异确定起始加窗点; 加窗点采用实测点, 并要求起始加窗点尽可能靠近一条测线上实测点的高程均值。在摆动式单波束探测装置探测随机微地形中, 其结果表明该算法能成功剔除高程异常值。

关键词: 单波束；微地形；高程异常值；加窗；能量

中图分类号: TB559 文献标识码: A 国家标准学科分类代码: 420.5050

Study on algorithm of eliminating exceptional elevation value based on

micro-terrain detection with pendulum single beam

Luo Bowen1 Xia Yimin2 Bu Yingyong2 Zhou Zhijin1

(1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;

2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

Abstract: Aiming at the pendulum single beam bathymeter used to explore underwater micro-terrain appears ex-ceptional elevation value, a new algorithm is proposed. First of all, the data windowing method is used under sin-gle-beam pendulum detection principle and multi-beam detection of equivalence, in which the window size of Z direc-tion is determined through the 3 criteria, the window size of X and Y direction is given based on the experience criteria of terrain slope less than 45º. Then, using the difference between reflection echo and scattering echo in the energy the starting windowed point is determined. Actual detection data are used as the windowed point, and near mean value of actual detected points as far as possible is used as the starting windowed point. The detection results of random mi-cro-terrain in the pendulum single beam bathymeter show that the algorithm can successfully remove the exceptional elevation value.

Keywords: single beam; micro-terrain; exceptional elevation value; windowed; energy

1 引 言

在研究深海钴结壳微地形探测方法中, 采用摆动式单波束探测和振幅相关检测法进行信号处理, 能够达到钴结壳微地形探测实时性要求。但是超声

信号因掠射角、底质特性、外界噪声等干扰因素的影响, 其反射回波会远离水声换能器的接收位置, 只能接收到探测点的散射回波。当探测点的散射回波隐藏在干扰因素造成的回波中时, 利用振幅相关法检测到的最大相关值有可能不是探测点真实回波产

本文于2008年12月收到。

*基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(编号: 50875265, 50474052)资助项目。