高中英语语法讲解不定式(4)

高中英语语法讲解不定式

注：表示目的的不定式可以置于句首，这也是区别于 其他功能的标志之一。

* 但是，置于句首表示目的的不定式可以是to, in order to ，但却不可以是so as to. ”,” To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.

In order to draw maps properly, you need a special pen.

To get the best results, use clean water.

To be elected monitor of our class, he gave money to us.

* 放在句末时， to do 表示目的， 不可有“，”若有用doing 表示伴随的目的

e.g. He bowed to us to thank us for helping him find the way.

He worked day and night, hoping to finish the work beforehand.

注：1. 不定式结构表示目的时，通常句子的主语就是它的逻辑主语 (主语一致)

e.g.He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly.

He went home to see his mother.

例外 e g He opened the door for the children to come in. They sent a man to mend the window.

2、表结果 不定式结构表示结果更常见于下列句型

① so as to

Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time?

② such ( ) as to

I’m not such a fool as to believe that.

③ adj./adv. + enough to

The boy is old enough to go to school.

④ too to

His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.

（5）only to find , only to be told 出乎意料之外的结果

3． 原因不定式可以用于动词、形容词或-ed分词后表示原因。

He was too excited to get high marks.

八．同位语

Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished?

九．独立成分

To tell you the truth, I don’t like you. They arrived here at 11:55 a.m., to

be exact.

类似的有：to be frank坦率地说，to hear him talk听他说话的口气，to cut a long

story short 长话短说，等等。

C

不定式的各种结构

1．宾格词 + 不定式

1）普通结构 此结构中的宾格词为名词或代词的宾格，宾格词是谓语动词的宾语，同时

又是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式和宾格词一起构成复合宾语。

I want Henry to come. She expects this to be true. I heard them sing

yesterday.

2) “there to be + 宾格词”结构

此结构的宾格词仍是不定式的逻辑主语，只是它位于不定式to be 的后面。

I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding.

3) 各种形式的不定式都可以用于此种结构中。

The judge wanted the man to be punished.