基于ABAQUS建立土体本构模型库的研究

摘要：ABAQUS作为一种强大的通用有限元分析程序，具有很强的非线性计算功能和前、后处理能力。但标准ABAQUS程序中的土体本构模型，没能反映土体的剪胀、软化与硬化、应力路径对变形的影响等，因此，有必要在ABAQUS中开发出更适合于土体特性的本构模型库。为拓展ABAQUS在岩土工程领域的计算能力，利用二次开发工具UMAT数据接口，开发出更适合于工程应用的土体本构模型库，如邓肯模型、南水模型及状态相关的砂土模型，不仅可以充分利用ABAQUS程序方便、快捷的前后处理和强大的非线性求解平台，而且还可以完成更有针对性、更切合实际土体应力-应变有限元的数值计算，为工程实践提供技术支持。从计算过程、模拟结果与试验结果比较来看，二次开发模型库子程序运行稳定，模拟结果正确、可靠。

关键词：土体本构模型库；ABAQUS；二次开发；三轴试验中图分类号：TU 473 文献标识码：A

Development of static constitutive model library for soils based on ABAQUS

SI Hai-bao

1, 2

, CAI Zheng-yin1

(1. Geotechnical Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, China; 2. Architectural Engineering Department, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui 243002, China)

Abstract: As a powerful universal finite element analysis program, ABAQUS possesses immense ability for nonlinear computing, pre-and-post-processing. But the constitutive model of soil adopted in standard ABAQUS is inadequate in terms of the inability of reflecting militancy of cohesive soil, strain-softening and hardening of sand as well as the impact of stress path on deformation, etc. So it became an emergency for new constitutive model library which is more suitable for soil to be added into ABAQUS. In order to enlarge the computing ability of ABAQUS in the area of geotechnical engineering, new constitutive model library such as Duncan-Chang model, NHRI model and Sand model which are more adaptive for engineering application were developed with the help of secondary development toolkit UMAT as well as data interface. In this way, the convenient pre-and-post-processing and powerful nonlinear solving platform were made full use of in the study, and that more pertinent and more realistic finite element calculation for the stress and strain in soil can be accomplished, which is able to provide technique support for engineering practice. A numerical example is given; and the results verity that the second development of constitutive model library is valid. Key words: soil constitutive model library; ABAQUS; secondary development; soil triaxial compression tests

1 引言

在土木工程数值计算中，因土体具有非线性和非弹性、塑性体积应变和剪胀性、塑性剪应变以及硬化和软化、应力路径对变形的影响等特性，所以土工数值计算为高度非线性[1]。ABAQUS作为大型通用非线性有限元分析软件，可以驾驭工程中各种复杂的线性和非线性问题的分析计算，因而在土木工程计算中得到了广泛的应用[2]。虽然ABAQUS原

程序有丰富的土体本构模型，如剑桥模型、D-P模型等，但缺少能反映土体的剪胀、软化、应力路径对变形的影响等本构模型，如参数简单实用而在国内工程界常用的Duncan-Chang本构模型[3

－4]

、能反

映土体软化的南水双屈服面模型[5]、香港理工大学Li-Dafalias[6]提出的能反映砂土剪胀与软化的基于状态相关砂土本构模型等。

借助ABAQUS非线性计算平台，建立更广泛土体本构模型库，不仅克服了程序本身土体本构不

收稿日期：2010-03-02

基金项目：国家自然科学基金委员会、二滩水电开发有限责任公司雅砻江水电开发联合研究基金项目（No. 50639050）。

第一作者简介：司海宝，男，1976年生，博士研究生，讲师，主要从事土力学与工程的理论分析、数值计算等。E-mail：hbsi_hnnu@

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