危害与风险分析-HazardRiskAnalysis

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

Heidi Fuglum Certified Functional safety engineer

Part 03 Hazard and Risk Analysis

1 day intro training in Functional safety© ABB - Page 1

Company Confidential

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

Hazard and Risk Analysis

In this module

How much safety is enough? Risk management Hazard identification Hazard Analysis Risk Reduction Techniques Risk graph, risk matrix Identification safety function

© ABB - Page 2

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

Safety Lifecycle, where are we1Overall Operation &Maintenance PlanningConcept

2 3 4

Overall Scope Definition Hazard & Risk Analysis Overall Safety Requirements Safety Requirements Allocation

Hazard Identification

SIL Determination

5

SIL Implementation

Overall Planning

9Overall Installation &Commissioning

6

Overall 7 Operation & Maintenance Planning

Overall Validation Planning

8

Safety-related systems: E/E/PES Realization

10

Safety-related systems: Other Technology Realization

11

External Risk Reduction Facilities Realization

Planning

12 13 14© ABB - Page 3

Overall Installation & Commissioning Overall Safety Validation Overall Operation & Maintenance DecommissioningBack to appropriate Overall Safety Lifecycle phase

15

Overall Modification & Retrofit

Overall Modification & Retrofit

Overall Operation & Maintenance

16

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

Hazard / Risk Analysis

Objective

Identify process hazards, estimate their risks and decide if the risk is tolerable

Task

Hazard identification Analysis of Likelihood and Consequence Consideration of non-SIL Layers of protection

© ABB - Page 4

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

Definition of Hazard

IEC 61508 – 4

A potential source of harm NOTE – The term includes danger to persons arising within a short time scale (for example, fire and explosion) and also those that have a long-term effect on a person’s health (for example, release of a toxic substance).

AIChE

An inherent chemical or physical characteristic that has the potential for causing damage to people, environment or property.

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Kietz

A substance, object or situation that can give rise to injury or damage

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

What is a Hazardous Event

A hazardous Event occurs when the potential hazard has happend

© ABB - Page 6

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

What is Risk ?Risk is a combination of Consequence (C) * Likelihood (frequency, F) Risk = C *F Need to determine the risk associated with the hazardous event

Calculated Process RiskProcess DesignOther Risk Reduction, Such as Alarming, and Exception Procedures

Risk

Safety Instrumented SystemTolerable Level of Risk(Defined by user per application)

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Risk Reduction is the Highest PriorityHow often can it happened and what is the effect if it does ?

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

What is tolerable risk

The basis of risk analysis: Tolerable risk

How much risk do you tolerate? How can we estimate how much risk reduction we need if we do not know how much we tolerate? Risk of smoking Risk of driving a car Risk of doing business

Who determines tolerab

le risk? Society does

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本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

Risk reduction to meet criteriaTolerable Level of Risk(Defined by user per application) Residual risk Risk Target

Calculated Process RiskProcess risk

Necessary risk reduction Actual risk reduction

Increasing risk

Risk reduction left to be handled by the Safety Instrumented Systems

SIS© ABB - Page 9

Risk reduction due to other technology: -fire pumps, -foam systems, -water curtains, -deluge systems(hydraulic, pneumatic )

Risk reduction due to mechanical equipment like: - relief valve, - non return valve, - dike …Mechanical equipment like reliefe valve, non return valve.

Fire pumps, foam systems, water curtains, deluge systems, ventilation emergency equipment and procedures

本文分析了功能安全中的危害及风险,介绍了降低风险、危害判定以及风险矩阵分析等,本文是英文版的。

How do we manage risk

Companies deal with risk in three ways

They reduce the consequence to an acceptable level They reduce the frequency to an acceptable level They reduce the risk to an acceptable level

© ABB - Page 10

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