Carbon Balance and Management(6)

Figure 10

Saved Biomass by 12$/tC (Burn Sell). Light green show grids where nowadays forests can be found. Dark green areas indicate grids where forest biomass can be saved by introducing a carbon price of 12$/tC compared to the baseline scenario.

Red ares indicate grids where there will still be deforestation.

between 1 and 10 by using equation (7) and equation (8)respectively.

The harvested volume (Vi) is calculated by multiplying themean annual increment (MAIi) with the rotation periodlength (Ri) accounting for harvesting losses (eq. 9).The rotation period length (eq. 10) depends on the yield.Fast growing stands have a short and slow growing sites along rotation length. In this study the rotation length is inthe range between 5 and 140 years.

The mean annual increment (eq. 11) is calculated by mul-tiplying the estimated carbon uptake (ωi) and a transfor-mation factor which brings the carbon weight to a woodvolume (C2Wi). The carbon uptake (ωi) is calculated bymultiplying the net primary production (NPPi) with a fac-tor describing the share of carbon uptake from the net pri-mary production (eq. 12).

The benefits of carbon sequestration (eq. 13) are calcu-lated by discounting the annual income from additionalcarbon sequestration and subtracting the expensesincurred from harvesting operations and silvicultural pro-duction. At the end of a rotation period the harvested car-bon is still stored in harvested wood products and willcome back to atmosphere with a delay. This is consideredin the factor (θi) which shares the harvested wood volumeto short and long living products(eq. 14).

The effective carbon price represents the benefit whichwill directly go to the forest owner. In equation (16) a fac-tor describing the percentage of the transaction cost free

carbon price is used. A factor leaki is calculated as the aver-age of the percentile rank from "political stability", "gov-ernment effectiveness" and "control of corruption" [5].

Fi=fi [1 (1+r) Ri] 1

fi = -cpi + pwi·Vi + Bi (2)cpi = cpref·pri·pxi (3)

(1)

MAIi<3 0

pri= (

MAIi 3)/63≤MAIi≤9

1MAIi>9 (4)

SNFs = 1 + (1 - Fs) * 9 (8)(9)Vi = MAIi·Ri·(1 - HLi)