水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪比作木材、燃料，维他命和矿物比作火柴、火花。引用专家的话说，“要是没有燃料，光有火花是不行的”

B （1999年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题）

The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people”. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow-minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields， the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends.

Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short， driven by careerism, “the nations colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials than in providing a quality education for their students.” The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the

undergraduate college is one of shaping an “integrated core” of common learning. Such a core would introduce students “to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus.”

Although the key to a good college is a high quality faculty， the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact， they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed： “Teaching is

important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most.” Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicate themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure, promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculties say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that “There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications.”

36. When a college tries to be “all things to al people” (Lines 1-2, Para. 1) it aims to ________.

A) satisfy the needs of all kinds of students simultaneously

B) focus on training students in various skills

C) encourage students to take as many courses as possible

D) make learning serve academic rather than productive ends

37. By saying that “in too many academic fields, the work has no context” (Lines 4-5, Pare. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas ________.

A) ignores the actual situation

B) is not based on the right perspective

C) only focuses on an integrated core of common learning