HTTP是应用级协议,它适应了分布式超媒体协作系统对灵活性及速度的要求。它是一个一般的、无状态的、基于对象的协议,通过对其请求方法(request methods)进行扩展,可以被用于多种用途,比如命名服务器(name server)及分布式对象管理系统。 HTTP 的一个特性是其数据表现类型允许系统的构建不再依赖于要传输的数据。 HTTP 自从 1990 年就在 WWW 上被广泛使用。该规范反映了“HTTP/1.0”的普通用

1. 介绍（Introduction）..................................................................................................................4

1.1 目的（Purpose）...............................................................................................................4

1.2 术语（Terminology）.......................................................................................................4

1.3 概述（Overall Operation）...............................................................................................6

1.4 HTTP and MIME...............................................................................................................7

2. 标志转换及通用语法（Notational Conventions and Generic Grammar）...............................8

2.1 补充反馈方式（Augmented BNF）................................................................................8

2.2 基本规则（Basic Rules）.................................................................................................9

3. 协议参数（Protocol Parameters）...........................................................................................11

3.1 HTTP版本（HTTP Version）.........................................................................................11

3.2 统一资源标识（Uniform Resource Identifiers）...........................................................11

3.2.1 一般语法（General Syntax）................................................................................12

3.2.2 http URL..................................................................................................................12

3.3 Date/Time 格式（Date/Time Formats）........................................................................13

3.4 字符集（Character Sets）..............................................................................................14

3.5 内容译码（Content Codings）.......................................................................................14

3.6 介质类型（Media Types）.............................................................................................15

3.6.1标准及文本缺省（Canonicalization and Text Defaults）......................................15

3.6.2 多部分类型（Multipart Types）...........................................................................16

3.7 产品标识（Product Tokens）.........................................................................................16

4. HTTP 消息（HTTP Message）...............................................................................................17

4.1 消息类型（Message Types）.........................................................................................17

4.2 消息标题（Message Headers）......................................................................................17

4.3 普通标题域（General Header Fields）..........................................................................18

5. 请求（Request）.........................................................................................................................19

5.1 请求队列（Request-Line）............................................................................................19

5.1.1 方法（Method）....................................................................................................19

5.1.2 请求URI（Request-URI）.....................................................................................20

5.2 请求标题域（Request Header Fields）..........................................................................20

6. 回应（Response）....................................................................................................................21

6.1 状态行（Status-Line）...................................................................................................21

6.1.1 状态代码和原因分析（Status Code and Reason..................................................21

6.2 回应标题域（Response Header Fields）.......................................................................22

7. 实体（Entity）..........................................................................................................................23

7.1 实体标题域（Entity Header Fields）.............................................................................23

7.2 实体主体（Entity Body）..............................................................................................23

7.2.1 类型（Type）.........................................................................................................24

7.2.2 长度（Length）.....................................................................................................24

8. 方法定义（Method Definitions）............................................................................................25

8.1 GET..................................................................................................................................25

8.2 HEAD..............................................................................................................................25

8.3 POST................................................................................................................................25

9. 状态代码定义（Status Code Definitions）..............................................................................27

9.1 消息1xx（Informational 1xx）......................................................................................27