专四语法：PART4 定语从句

which/whom"的结构。

该结构的使用应注意两点，一是注意定语从句与并列句的分别，如：

He invited two scientists to his birthday party, many of _____ were his old classmates.

A.whom B.them C.which D.that

这里很自然地会有many of whom 与many of them的选择。

二是注意该结构可以有变体，即"of whom/which + 部分名词"。

C． 另一种介词是表示最高级范围的介词，四级考题中已经有两个这种考题，如上

面的1）题，其实该句表示的是obtaining water is not the least of its problems， 所以用of which.

Living in the western part of the country has its problems, ____ obtaining fresh water is

not the least.

A.with which B.for which C.of which D.which

D． 更多的是看关系词与先行词之间的关系，如：

He has composed many pieces of music popular with young people, of which this is an example. 这里用of which因为，正常的结构是an example of the music。

E． 有时介词与先行词构成短语，如7）题，to which源于to … extent的短语搭配。1997年1月也有一道题考查该短语搭配。

It is useful to be able to predict the extent ________which a price

change will affect supply and demand.

A.from B.with C.to D.for (1997.1)

4) The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,

___ is often the case in other countries.

A.as B.what C.so D.that

④ A 注意as引导的非限制性定语从句的用法

as引导非限制性定语从句时，可置于句首，也可置于句尾，表示"正如……"。如上面的4）和10）两题。

一般as引导定语从句时，其先行词为整个主句。which引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词也可以是主句或主句中的一部分。但，as从句表示的行为经常是在主句行为之前，而which引导的定语从句表示的却在主句之后，表示连续发生的事情或结果等。如：

He promised to help me, which he did.

He was often late for work, which cost him his job.

5) The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ____ up to half will be from

overseas.

A.in which B.for which C.with which D.of whom

⑤ D 注意先行词为时间、地点或原因时，关系词的选用。如果用when, where 或

why，关系词在从句中应该是做状语，否则的话则应该用which/that等。如上面9）中，先行词在从句中visit的宾语，关系词不能用where，而只能是that/which。再如： I will never forget the days that I spent with my friends in the country.

6) Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, ____overall

consumption is significantly higher than that of women.