研究生基础英语期末考试样卷

C. Moderate amounts of alcohol.

D. All of the above.

35. Which of the following statements is true according to the report?

A. Countries like India and Japan will experience an epidemic of heart disease.

B. Death rates have decreased dramatically in low and middle income nations.

C. There is a decline in heart disease in industrial countries in the past few decades.

D. The studies can not help governments make prevention policies to curb the

epidemic.

Part II Reading Comprehension (20 points)

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C or D. Decide on the best choice，and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One

[1] Rubbish may be universal, but it is little studied and poorly understood. Nobody knows how much of it the world generates or what it does with it. In many rich countries, and most poor ones, only the patchiest of records are kept. That may be understandable: by definition, waste is something its owner no longer wants or takes much interest in. [2] Ignorance spawns scares, such as the fuss surrounding New York’s infamous garbage barge, which in 1987 sailed the Atlantic for six months in search of a place to dump its load, giving many Americans the false impression that their country’s landfills had run out of space. It also makes it hard to draw up sensible policies: just think of the endless debate about whether recycling is the only way to save the planet—or an expensive waste of time.

[3] Rubbish can cause all sorts of problems. It often stinks, attracts vermin and creates eyesores. More seriously, it can release harmful chemicals into the soil and water when dumped, or into the air when burned. It is the source of almost 4% of the world’s greenhouse gases, mostly in the form of methane from rotting food—and that does not include all the methane generated by animal slurry and other farm waste. And then there are some really nasty forms of industrial waste, such as spent nuclear fuel, for which no universally accepted disposal methods have thus far been developed.

[4] Yet many also see waste as an opportunity. Getting rid of it all has become a huge global business. Rich countries spend some $120 billion a year disposing of their municipal waste alone and another $150 billion on industrial waste, according to CyclOpe, a French research institute. The amount of waste that countries produce tends to grow in tandem with their economies, and