Knowledge and Wisdom

Bertrand Russell1950年，罗素获得诺贝尔文学奖，已表彰其 “多样且重要的作品，持续不断的追求人道主 义理想和思想自由。” In 1950, Russell was made a Nobel Laureate in Literature, “in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought.”

Bertrand RussellThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: theloning for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. 三种既简单又极为强烈的激情一直支配着我 的一生：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类 苦难不堪忍受的悲哀。 ---Bertrand Russell

Proverbs about Knowledge and WisdomKnowledge speaks, but wisdom listens. Knowledge in youth is wisdom in age. Wisdom is only found in truth. Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand. / Wisdom is more to be envied than riches. Pre-reading Question: How do you define wisdom, knowledge and their relationship in your life?

Knowledge and Wisdom ---Marie Staniforth chap [t æ p] n.小伙子，男人，家伙 nursery rhyme: poem or song for young children 儿歌;童谣 daft [dæ ft] adj. 愚笨的, 癫狂的, 狂闹的 respectable a.可敬的；有身价的

“I said knowledge is knowing that a tomato is a fruit, and wisdom is knowing not to put it in a fruit salad .”

Spiritual Wisdom ---Sri Chinmoy"What do we mean by the word 'wisdom'? Usually we mean something superior to knowledge, something deeper. In the spiritual world, the word 'wisdom' is not used in that way. Here wisdom means Light, illumining Light, transforming Light. That which illumines our unlit consciousness is wisdom. That which transforms the finite consciousness into the infinite Consciousness is called wisdom."

Structural AnalysisPart 1 (Para 1) - introduce the topic Part 2 (Para 2-5) – the main body 4 factors that consititute wisdom: 1. sense of proportion 2. the ends of human life 3. open-mindedness 4. impartiality

Word Analysisproportion:(TEM-4) comparative part or share of a whole; fraction eg. a large ~ of the earth’s surface The ~ of the population still speaking the dialect is very small. ~ (of sth to sth) relation of one thing to another in quantity, size, etc; ratio eg. The ~ of imports to exports is worrying the government. the ~ of passes to failures in the final exam

Word Analysisproportion:(TEM-4) correct or ideal relation in size, degree, etc between one thing and another or between the parts of a whole: in ~ / out of ~ eg. the two windows are in admirable ~.

proportional: corresponding in size, amount or degree (to sth); in correct ~

Word AnalysisE-C A fixed ~ of the fund is invested in British firms. What is the ~ of men to women in the population. Try to draw the figures in the foreground in ~. C-E 他的薪金与工作量成比例，但与花费的时间不成比例。 His payment is in ~ to / proport

ional to the (amount of ) work done, but not in ~ to / proportional to the time taken to it.

Word Analysisend: n. aim or purpose gain / win / achieve one’s ends 达到目的 with this end in view / to this end 以此为目标/未 达到此目的 (saying) the end justifies the means: even wrong or unfair methods may be allowed if the result or purpose of the action is good. 只要目的 正当，可以不择手段。

Word Analysis impartial: adj. not favoring one person or thing more than another; fair or neutral eg. an ~ judge, judgment impartiality: n. eg.They showed complete ~ in discussing these sensitive issues. impartially: adv. treat prisoners ~

Word Analysis partial: (TEM 4) adj. of or forming a part; not complete eg. a ~ success / a ~ eclipse of sun ~ (towards sb / sth) showing too much favor to one person or side; biased eg. The referee was accused of being ~ ~ sb / sth : having a strong liking for sb / sth eg. He’s ~ to a glass of brandy after dinner.

Text Analysis

Part 1What is the commonly accepted in terms of knowledge and wisdom?

Most people believe that knowledge is not equal to wisdom as history has suggested that the acquisition of knowledge does not necessarily lead to the increase of wisdom.

Language Points in Part 1surpass: (fml) vt. be even better or greater than sb. or sth. else. eg. As the saying goes, the latecomers ~ the early starter.~ expectations / hopes / dreams

surpassing: a. (fml) of high quality or degree; exceptional eg. ~ beauty

Language Points in Part 1surpass C-E 你今天特别行！ 我万万没想到风景那么漂亮。

~ yourself ~ expectation

Language Points in Part 1cease: vi. to stop doing something; n. The rain has ceased. Without cease cease-fire

Wonders will never cease.(Proverb)

Part 2 - Para 2Skim and scan paragraph 2 and judge the following statement true / false:

It has become more and more difficult for scientists and technicians to obtain a sense of proportion.

Language Points in Para 2

Take account of = take something into account His exam results were not very good, but we must ~ his long illness. 他的考试成绩不好，但是我们必须考虑到他曾 经长期生病。